Table 4.
Predictive Validity of MPIS.
| Age | BT | MPIS | Sens | Spec | LR+ | LR− | PPV | NPV | Sens +
Spec |
AUC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All ages | |||||||||||
| All | ≥12 | 0.291 | 0.968 | 9.182 | 0.732 | 0.795 | 0.764 | 1.260 | 0.825 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.428 | 0.924 | 5.667 | 0.619 | 0.705 | 0.793 | 1.352 | (0.807–0.844) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.578 | 0.854 | 3.961 | 0.494 | 0.626 | 0.827 | 1.432 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.728 | 0.776 | 3.251 | 0.350 | 0.579 | 0.871 | 1.504 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.836 | 0.674 | 2.564 | 0.243 | 0.520 | 0.907 | 1.510 | * | |||
| ≥7 | 0.899 | 0.576 | 2.122 | 0.175 | 0.473 | 0.931 | 1.476 | ||||
| ≥38 | ≥12 | 0.350 | 0.953 | 7.408 | 0.682 | 0.853 | 0.651 | 1.303 | 0.830 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.530 | 0.906 | 5.614 | 0.519 | 0.815 | 0.710 | 1.436 | (0.791–0.869) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.672 | 0.845 | 4.350 | 0.388 | 0.774 | 0.767 | 1.518 | * | |||
| ≥9 | 0.781 | 0.708 | 2.678 | 0.309 | 0.678 | 0.805 | 1.490 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.885 | 0.549 | 1.964 | 0.209 | 0.607 | 0.859 | 1.435 | ||||
| ≥7 | 0.951 | 0.412 | 1.617 | 0.119 | 0.559 | 0.914 | 1.363 | ||||
| <38 | ≥12 | 0.269 | 0.971 | 9.268 | 0.753 | 0.769 | 0.787 | 1.240 | 0.817 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.389 | 0.928 | 5.389 | 0.658 | 0.660 | 0.809 | 1.317 | (0.796–0.840) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.542 | 0.856 | 3.755 | 0.535 | 0.575 | 0.839 | 1.398 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.708 | 0.788 | 3.337 | 0.371 | 0.545 | 0.882 | 1.496 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.818 | 0.695 | 2.685 | 0.262 | 0.491 | 0.914 | 1.513 | * | |||
| ≥7 | 0.880 | 0.605 | 2.225 | 0.199 | 0.445 | 0.933 | 1.485 | ||||
| 1–5 years | |||||||||||
| All | ≥12 | 0.279 | 0.967 | 8.559 | 0.745 | 0.793 | 0.750 | 1.247 | 0.820 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.427 | 0.924 | 5.609 | 0.620 | 0.715 | 0.783 | 1.351 | (0.799–0.842) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.595 | 0.843 | 3.794 | 0.480 | 0.630 | 0.823 | 1.438 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.737 | 0.755 | 3.010 | 0.348 | 0.574 | 0.865 | 1.492 | * | |||
| ≥8 | 0.844 | 0.643 | 2.363 | 0.242 | 0.514 | 0.902 | 1.487 | ||||
| ≥7 | 0.903 | 0.542 | 1.972 | 0.179 | 0.469 | 0.926 | 1.445 | ||||
| ≥38 | ≥12 | 0.342 | 0.947 | 6.466 | 0.695 | 0.839 | 0.642 | 1.289 | 0.812 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.533 | 0.894 | 5.036 | 0.522 | 0.802 | 0.704 | 1.427 | (0.768–0.857) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.664 | 0.825 | 3.806 | 0.407 | 0.754 | 0.754 | 1.490 | * | |||
| ≥9 | 0.770 | 0.672 | 2.346 | 0.343 | 0.654 | 0.784 | 1.442 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.882 | 0.508 | 1.792 | 0.233 | 0.590 | 0.842 | 1.390 | ||||
| ≥7 | 0.954 | 0.376 | 1.528 | 0.123 | 0.551 | 0.910 | 1.330 | ||||
| <38 | ≥12 | 0.251 | 0.972 | 8.840 | 0.770 | 0.768 | 0.776 | 1.223 | 0.814 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.380 | 0.930 | 5.429 | 0.667 | 0.670 | 0.800 | 1.310 | (0.789–0.840) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.564 | 0.847 | 3.684 | 0.514 | 0.580 | 0.839 | 1.411 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.722 | 0.772 | 3.174 | 0.360 | 0.543 | 0.881 | 1.495 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.827 | 0.671 | 2.513 | 0.257 | 0.485 | 0.912 | 1.498 | * | |||
| ≥7 | 0.880 | 0.577 | 2.079 | 0.208 | 0.438 | 0.928 | 1.457 | ||||
| 6–18 years | |||||||||||
| All | ≥12 | 0.326 | 0.970 | 11.000 | 0.695 | 0.800 | 0.798 | 1.296 | 0.834 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.430 | 0.926 | 5.814 | 0.615 | 0.679 | 0.817 | 1.356 | (0.798–0.870) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.529 | 0.879 | 4.390 | 0.535 | 0.615 | 0.837 | 1.409 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.703 | 0.825 | 4.009 | 0.360 | 0.593 | 0.884 | 1.528 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.814 | 0.746 | 3.208 | 0.249 | 0.538 | 0.917 | 1.560 | * | |||
| ≥7 | 0.890 | 0.655 | 2.581 | 0.169 | 0.484 | 0.942 | 1.545 | ||||
| ≥38 | ≥12 | 0.387 | 0.977 | 17.032 | 0.627 | 0.923 | 0.694 | 1.364 | 0.895 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.516 | 0.955 | 11.355 | 0.507 | 0.889 | 0.737 | 1.471 | (0.814–0.976) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.710 | 0.932 | 10.409 | 0.312 | 0.880 | 0.820 | 1.641 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.839 | 0.864 | 6.151 | 0.187 | 0.813 | 0.884 | 1.702 | * | |||
| ≥8 | 0.903 | 0.727 | 3.312 | 0.133 | 0.700 | 0.914 | 1.630 | ||||
| ≥7 | 0.935 | 0.568 | 2.166 | 0.114 | 0.604 | 0.926 | 1.504 | ||||
| <38 | ≥12 | 0.312 | 0.970 | 10.298 | 0.709 | 0.772 | 0.811 | 1.282 | 0.823 | ||
| ≥11 | 0.411 | 0.923 | 5.348 | 0.638 | 0.637 | 0.827 | 1.334 | (0.783–0.863) | |||
| ≥10 | 0.489 | 0.874 | 3.888 | 0.584 | 0.561 | 0.839 | 1.363 | ||||
| ≥9 | 0.674 | 0.821 | 3.754 | 0.398 | 0.552 | 0.884 | 1.494 | ||||
| ≥8 | 0.794 | 0.748 | 3.155 | 0.275 | 0.509 | 0.917 | 1.543 | ||||
| ≥7 | 0.879 | 0.664 | 2.620 | 0.181 | 0.463 | 0.944 | 1.544 | * | |||
Abbreviations: BT, body temperature in Celsius; MPIS, modified Pulmonary Index Score; Sens, sensitivity; Spec, specificity; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; AUC, area under the curve (95% confidence interval).
* Cut off value of each groups stratified by the age classes and the body temperature.