Table 2.
Summary table of the included studies: baseline characteristics.
| Study | Age intervention, Mean (SD) | Age control, Mean (SD) | Male sex intervention, n (%) | Male sex control, n (%) | Minority ethnicity intervention, n (%) | Minority ethnicity control, n (%) | CRP Intervention mg/L, Median (IQR) | CRP Control mg/L, Median (IQR) | Diabetes mellitus intervention, n (%) | Diabetes mellitus control, n (%) | Hypertension intervention, n (%) | Hypertension control, n (%) | Mechanical ventilation intervention, n (%) | Mechanical ventilation control, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVACTA 23 | 60.9 (14.6) | 60.6 (13.7) | 205 (69.7) | 101 (70.1) | 79 (26.8) | 47 (32.6) | 168.4 (101.4)† | 172.6 (114)† | 105 (35.7) | 62 (43.1) | 178 (60.5) | 94 (65.3) | 111 (37.8) | 54 (37.5) |
| RCT-TCZ-COVID-19 12 | 61.5 (51.5–73.5)* | 60 (54.0–69.0)* | 40 (66.7) | 37 (56.1) | – | – | 105 (50–146) | 65 (32–118) | 10 (16.7) | 9 (13.6) | 27 (45) | 29 (43.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 24 | 64 (57.1–74.3)* | 63.3 (57.1–72.3)* | 44 (70) | 44 (66) | – | – | 119.5 (74.5–219.5) | 127 (84–171) | 20 (33) | 23 (34) | – | – | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| BACC Bay 25 | 61.6 (46.4–69.7)* | 56.5 (44.7–67.8)* | 96 (60) | 45 (55) | 32 (20) | 19 (23) | 116 (67.1–190.6) | 94.3 (58.4–142) | 45 (28) | 30 (37) | 80 (50) | 38 (46) | 15 (9.3) | 6 (7.3) |
| EMPACTA 26 | 56 (14.3) | 55.6 (14.9) | 150 (60.2) | 73 (57) | 96 (38.6) | 56 (43.7) | 124.5 (2.5–2099) | 143.4 (9–3776) | 105 (42.2) | 48 (37.5) | 119 (47.8) | 63 (49.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| REMAP-CAP IL-6 | ||||||||||||||
| Tocilizumab 27 | 61.5 (12.5) | 61.1 (12.8) | 261 (73.9) | 141.5 (70.4) | 55 (24.2) | 30.5 (21.9) | 150 (85–221) | 130 (71–208) | 123 (35.2) | 75 (37.4) | – | – | 104 (29.5) | 60.5 (30.1) |
| REMAP-CAP IL-6 Sarilumab 27 | 63.4 (13.4) | 61.1 (12.8) | 39 (81.3) | 141.5 (70.4) | 9 (23.1) | 30.5 (21.9) | 136 (105–204) | 130 (71–208) | 13 (27.1) | 75 (37.4) | – | – | 8 (16.7) | 60.5 (30.1) |
| TOCIBRAS 11 | 57.4 (15.7) | 57.5 (13.5) | 44 (68) | 44 (69) | – | – | 160 (104)† | 193 (283)† | 22 (34) | 20 (31) | 30 (46) | 34 (53) | 11 (17) | 10 (15.6) |
| Lescure Sarilumab 200 mg 22 | ||||||||||||||
| 58 (51.0–67.0)* | 60 (53.0–69.5)* | 108 (67.9) | 27 (64.3) | 8 (5) | 3.5 (8.3) | 94.1 (44.6–176.8) | 95.5 (55.5–184.4) | 45 (28.3) | 9 (21.4) | 68 (42.8) | 19.5 (46.4) | 17 (10.7) | 4.5 (10.7) | |
| Lescure Sarilumab 400 mg 22 | ||||||||||||||
| 58 (48.0–67.0)* | 60 (53.0–69.5)* | 99 (57.2) | 27 (64.3) | 14 (8.1) | 3.5 (8.3) | 96.1 (48.1–160.6) | 95.5 (55.5–184.4) | 47 (27.2) | 9 (21.4) | 70 (40.5) | 19.5 (46.4) | 24 (13.9) | 4.5 (10.7) | |
| RECOVERY 28 TCZ | 63.3 (13.7) | 63.9 (13.6) | 1335 (66) | 1437 (68.6) | 341 (16.9) | 357 (17) | 143 (107–203) | 144 (106–205) | 569 (28.1) | 600 (28.7) | – | – | 268 (13.3) | 294 (14) |
| Peking 29 TCZ and Favipriavir | 75* | 70* | 6 (42.9) | 2.5 (71.4) | – | – | – | – | 1 (7.1) | 0.5 (14.3) | 6 (42.9) | 1.5 (42.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Peking 29 TCZ | 71* | 70* | 3 (60) | 2.5 (71.4) | – | – | – | – | 1 (20) | 0.5 (14.3) | 2 (40) | 1.5 (42.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Summary table of baseline characteristics of studies identified from a systematic search for RCTs in adults with COVID-19, comparing IL-6 inhibitors (tocilizumab or sarilumab) with standard of care, placebo or alternative treatments. Minority ethnicity was defined as any ethnicity other than the major ethnic group within each individual study. CRP: C-reactive protein; HTN: hypertension; BMI: body mass index. *Median (IQR), †Mean (SD).