Table 2.
Summary of Field Studies Reporting Changes in Ozone Dry Deposition After Rain and Dew.
| Site name | Measurement period and type | Site description | Sign of response to rain | Sign of response to dew | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bondville (40.05°N, 88.37°W) | two months of ozone EC fluxes | maize | increase | increase | Zhang, L., et al., 2002 |
| Camp Borden (44°19’N, 79°56’W) | five days of ozone EC fluxes | temperate deciduous forest | increasea | Increasea | Fuentes et al., 1992 |
| two months of ozone EC fluxes | decrease (day), no change (night) | increase (episodic), no change (systematic) | Padro, 1994 | ||
| CODE cotton (36°48’50”N, 120°40’38”W) | one month of ozone EC fluxes | cotton field | no changea | Massman et al., 1994 | |
| decrease | Grantz et al., 1997 | ||||
| CODE vineyard (36°51’36”N, 120°6’7”W) | one month of ozone EC fluxes | vineyard | no changea | Massman et al., 1994 | |
| increase | Grantz et al., 1995 | ||||
| Flanders (51°18’N, 4°31’E) | ten years of ozone fluxes from flux gradient technique | temperate deciduous forest | increase | increase | Neirynck & Verstraeten, 2018 |
| Grignon (48.84422°N, 1.95191°E) | five months of ozone EC fluxes from three years each | wheat | increase | increase | Potier et al., 2015 |
| Harvard Forest (42.53°N, 72.18°W) | four months of ozone EC fluxes from eleven years each | temperate deciduous forest | increaseb | Clifton et al., 2019 | |
| Hyytiälä (61.85°N, 24.28°E) | six months of ozone EC fluxes from two years each | boreal forest | increase | Altimir et al., 2006 | |
| Kane Experimental Forest (41.595°N, 78.766°W) | four months of ozone EC fluxes | temperate deciduous forest | increaseb | Clifton et al., 2019 | |
| seven months of ozone EC fluxes | decrease (day), increase (night) | increase (day), no change (night) | Finkelstein et al., 2000 | ||
| increase | increase | Zhang, L., et al., 2002 | |||
| Les Landes (44°12’N, 0°42’W) | two months of ozone EC fluxes from two years | temperate coniferous forest | increase | Lamaud et al., 2002 | |
| Nashville (36.65°N, 87.03°W) | five months of ozone EC fluxes | soybean | decrease | Zhang, L., et al., 2002 | |
| Niwot Ridge (40.03°N, 105.55°W) | three to seven months of ozone EC fluxes from four years each | subalpine coniferous forest | increase | Turnipseed et al., 2009 | |
| Rush | one day of ozone EC fluxes | senescent maize | decreasea | Wesely et al., 1978 | |
| Sand Flats State Forest (43.565°N, 75.238°W) | four months of ozone EC fluxes | temperate mixed forest | increaseb | Clifton et al., 2019 | |
| six months of ozone EC fluxes | increase (day), no change (night; high LAI), increase (night low LAI) | increase (day), no change (night; high LAI), increase (night; low LAI) | Finkelstein et al., 2000 | ||
| increase | increase | Zhang, L., et al., 2002 | |||
| Sand Mountain (34.29°N, 85.97°W) | two months of ozone EC fluxes | pasture | decrease (day), increase (night) | increase | Zhang, L., et al., 2002 |
| Sangamon, Illinois | two days of ozone EC fluxes | healthy maize | decreasea | Wesely et al., 1978 |
a
findings may be particularly uncertain due to low signal-to-noise ratio or authors do not calculate systematic differences (e.g., average over composites)
b
study does not attribute changes, or all changes, to cuticular uptake