Table 1.

R/G values of 7-day-old mature biofilms according to treatment solution.

Groups	Treatment solutions	N	R/G values
			Baseline	F(p)	7-day-old mature biofilms	F(p)
Experimental	5% CEON	35	0.77 ± 0.05	1.951 (0.147)	0.91 ± 0.10a	111.281 (< 0.001)
Positive control	0.12% CHX	35	0.79 ± 0.05		0.87 ± 0.09a
Negative control	0.5% CB	35	0.79 ± 0.06		1.18 ± 0.07b

CEON cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion, CHX chlorhexidine gluconate, CB cocamidopropyl betaine.

p values obtained from one-way analysis of variance. All values are expressed as means ± standard deviations.

^a,bDifferent letters indicate significance by Bonferroni multiple comparison test at α = 0.05.