. 2021 Mar 15;11:5911. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85375-3

Table 2.

Numbers of aciduric bacterial CFUs within biofilms according to treatment solution.

Groups	Treatment solutions	N	Log₁₀ CFUs/mL	F	p
Experimental	5% CEON	35	4.81 ± 2.03^a	19.823	< 0.001
Positive control	0.12% CHX	35	5.11 ± 1.65^a
Negative control	0.5% CB	35	6.93 ± 0.31^b

CFUs colony-forming units, CEON cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion, CHX chlorhexidine gluconate, CB cocamidopropyl betaine.

p value obtained from one-way analysis of variance. All values are presented as means ± standard deviations.

^a,^bDifferent letters indicate significance by Scheffe’s multiple comparison test at α = 0.05.