TABLE II:
The endoscopic angulation ε in time for each of the two phantom experiments.
| Manual | Robotic | Units | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ε(t) | 3.97 | 0.46 | deg |
| Max ε(t) | 17.09 | 1.16 | deg |
| Standard Deviation ε(t) | 3.95 | 0.33 | deg |
| Experiment Time | 340.6 | 353.0 | S |
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