Table 3. Prevalence of extracardiac anomalies by type of congenital heart disease (total study population).
| No | Type | N | ECMa | Chromosomal anomalyb | 22q11.2 microdeletionb | ECAc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heterotaxy, including isomerism and mirror-imagery | 52 | 14 (26.9) | 1/22 (4.5) | 0/12 (0) | 14 (26.9) |
| 2 | Anomalies of the venous return | 28 | 6 (21.4) | 0/4 (0) | 0/0 | 6 (21.4) |
| 3 | Anomalies of the atria and interatrial communications | 27 | 6 (22.2) | 2/8 (25.0) | 0/3 (0) | 8 (29.6) |
| 4 | Anomalies of the atrioventricular junctions and valves | 66 | 19 (28.8) | 9/24 (37.5) | 0/8 (0) | 25 (37.9) |
| 5 | Complex anomalies of atrioventricular connections | 10 | 0 (0) | 0/4 (0) | 0/0 | 0 (0) |
| 6 | Functionally univentricular hearts | 84 | 13 (15.5) | 3/28 (10.7) | 0/15 (0) | 14 (16.7) |
| 7 | Ventricular septal defects | 110 | 38 (34.5) | 8/35 (22.9) | 0/11 (0) | 43 (39.1) |
| 8 | Anomalies of the ventricular outflow tracts | 303 | 75 (24.8) | 11/145 (7.6) | 6/94 (6.4) | 86 (28.4) |
| 9 | Anomalies of the extrapericardial arterial trunks | 96 | 24 (25.0) | 2/35 (5.7) | 3/21 (14.3) | 25 (26.0) |
| 10 | Other unclassified anomalies | 15 | 5 (33.3) | 0/3 (0) | 0/0 | 5 (33.3) |
| Total | 791 | 200 (25.3) | 36/308 (11.7) | 9/164 (5.5) | 226 (28.6) |
Data are shown in number (%).
ECM, extracardiac malformations; ECA, extracardiac anomalies.
a extracardiac malformations, defined as extracardiac structural malformation.
b denominators were those who underwent the examination during either prenatal or postnatal periods.
c extracardiac anomalies, defined as having any ECM or chromosomal anomaly or 22q11.2 microdeletion.