Table 3. Absolute risk and 95% confidence interval of Zika related adverse outcomes in the MERG Pregnancy Cohort in Pernambuco, Brazil (2015–2017).
| Positive | Suspected ZIKV exposure | Negative | p-value (all positive x negative) |
p-value (all suspected x negative) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases/samplec | Robust | Moderate | Limited | Robust + Moderate + Limited | Flavivírus | Inconclusive | Positive + Flavivírus + inconclusive | ||||
| Microcephaly | 12/503 | 2/162 (1.2) 0.03–4.9 |
1/28 (3.6) 0.4–23.7 |
4/88 (4.5) 1.7–11.7 |
7/278 (2.5) 1.2–5.2 |
3/78 (3.8) 1.2–11.5 |
1/20 (5.0) 0.6–32.3 |
11/376 (2.9) 1.6–5.2 |
1/127 (0.8) 0.1–5.2 |
0.453 | 0.301 |
| Altered transfontanelle USa | 18/319 | 5/84 (5.9) 2.4–13.7 |
4/24 (16.7) 5.9–38.9 |
2/56 (4.3) 0.8–13.7 |
11/164 (6.7) 3·7–11·8 |
2/46 (4.3) 1.0–16.5 |
0/18 (0) |
13/180 (7.2) 3.3–9.6 |
5/91 (5.5) 2.3–12.7 |
0.702 | 0.590 |
| Neurologic Abnormalitiesb | |||||||||||
| At first evaluation | 14/277 | 6/144 (4.2) 1.9–9.0 |
0/20 (0) | 4/52 (7.7) 2.8–19.3 |
10/216 (4.6) 2.5–8.4 |
2/20 (10.0) 2.2–35.5 |
1/9 (11.1) 0.9–62.6 |
13/245 (5.3) 3.1–8.9 |
1/32 (3.1) 0.4–20.9 |
1.000 | 1.000 |
| At any time | - | - | - | - |
28/216 (13.0) 9.1–18.2 |
- | - |
34/245 (13.9) 10.0–18.8 |
4/32 (12.5) 4.5–30.2 |
1.000 | 1.000 |
| Ophthalmologic Abnormalities | |||||||||||
| At first evaluation | 20/243 | 6/143 (4.2) 1.9–9.1 |
1/20 (5.0) 0.6–32.3 |
5/24 (20.8) 8.3–43.2 |
12/187 (6.4) 3.7–11.0 |
2/18 (11.1) 2.8–38.9 |
1/9 (11.1) 0.09–62.6 |
15/214 (7.0) 4.2–11.3 |
5/29 (17.2) 0.07–36.7 |
0,118 | 0,145 |
| At any time | - | - | - | - |
14/187 (7.5) 4.5–12.3 |
- | - |
18/214 (8.4) 5.3–13.0 |
6/29 (20.7) 9.1–40.4 |
0.069 | 0.097 |
| Abnormal auditory brainstem response | |||||||||||
| At first evaluation | 11d/253 | 7/133 (5.3) 2.5–10.7 |
1/18 (5.6) 0.6–35.5 |
2/48 (4.2) 1.0–15.9 |
10/199 (5.0) 2.7–9.1 |
1/17 (5.9) 0.7–37.2 |
0/7 (0) |
11/223 (4.9) 2.7–8.7 |
0/30 (0) | 0.367 | 0.371 |
| At any time | - | - | - | - |
10/199 (5.0) 2.7–9.1 |
- | - |
11/223 (4.9) 2.7–8.7 |
0/30 (0) | 0.367 | 0.371 |
| Dysphagia | |||||||||||
| At first evaluation | 4/256 | 2/132 (1.5) 0.4–5.9 |
0/18 (0) | 2/50 (4.0) 1.0–15.3 |
4/200 (2.0) 0.7–5.2 |
0/17 (0) | 0/9 (0) |
4/226 (1.8) 0.7–4.7 |
0/30 (0) | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| At any time | - | - | - | - |
6/200 (3.0) 1.3–6.6 |
- | - |
6/226 (2.6) 1.2–5.8 |
0/30 (0) | 0.856 | 0.939 |
aCalcification or ventriculomegaly.
bAt least one of the following: inappropriate visual response, alteration of tonus or trophism, altered level of consciousness/behavior and convulsions.
cThe denominator varies according to the missing values for each outcome.
DNine children repeated the test and it was normal on the second evaluation.