Table 2. Diseases associated with NETs and HLH genes, identified using foRWaRD.
| Rank | Disease | Disease Score | NETa | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alzheimer’s Disease | 1 | + | Increased NET in the proximity of Amyloid beta deposit[95]. Increase risk of thrombosis[96] and stroke[97]. |
| 2 | Liver carcinoma | 0.599 | + | NETs have been described in multiple malignancies83,[62], including liver carcinoma[98], which is also associated with an increased risk of VTE[99] |
| 3 | Myocardial Reperfusion Injury | 0.516 | + | Neutrophils play a major role in reperfusion injury that result in microvascular damage[100]. Reperfusion injury leads to the release of NETs in animal models[101]. |
| 4 | Diabetes Mellitus | 0.508 | + | In COVID-19, well-controlled blood glucose was associated with lower mortality compared to individuals with poorly controlled blood glucose[70]. Accordingly, proteomic analysis of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PBMCs) reveals alteration of NET components in uncontrolled diabetes[102]. Interestingly, high glucose cooperates with IL-6 and homocysteine to form NETs in the context of Type 2 diabetes (T2D)[103, 104]. T2D is a major COVID-19 co-morbidity[70]. |
| 5 | Congenital Fiber Type Disproportion | 0.506 | (-) | None |
| 6 | Immunodeficiency 8 | 0.502 | - | Results from the loss of function of coronin-1, leads to bleeding. Coronin-1 plays key functions in PMN trafficking in innate immunity[86]. |
| 7 | Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent | 0.501 | + | See entry above |
| 8 | Cataract 30 | 0.501 | (-) | None |
| 9 | Hemolytic anemia, nonspherocytic, due to glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency | 0.500 | (-) | None |
| 10 | Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 15 | 0.500 | (-) | None |
Abbreviations used: NETs = Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
a A “+” sign indicates demonstrated NET release in the disease, a “-” sign a deficiency in NETs. Brackets “()” around the “+” or “-” signs indicate prediction without published data.