Table 3.

Within-group treatment effect

	Group 1				Group 2
	Time 1 M/SD	Time 2 M/SD	T1 to T2 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g	Time 1 M/SD	Time 2 M/SD	T1 to T2 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g
Mindfulness	2.06/0.28	4.93/0.54	2.86***	–	2.12/0.22	2.14/0.14	0.02	–
Distress	31.28/4.01	10.48/3.25	−20.80***	–	31.82/3.27	32.12/3.20	0.28	–
Somatization	9.38/1.54	2.84/1.21	−6.56***	–	9.57/1.67	9.19/1.60	−0.38	–
Depression	9.83/1.07	2.92/1.26	−6.92***	–	9.86/1.18	10.08/1.52	0.20	–
Anxiety	12.07/2.48	4.72/1.54	−7.32***	–	12.39/1.91	12.85/2.05	0.46	–
	Time 2 M/SD	Time 3 M/SD	T2 to T3 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g	Time 2 M/SD	Time 3 M/SD	T2 to T3 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g
Mindfulness	4.93/0.54	4.85/0.42	−0.07	–	2.14/0.14	5.00/0.58	2.86***	–
Distress	10.48/3.25	9.60/2.56	−0.88	–	32.12/3.20	9.15/1.99	−22.96***	–
Somatization	2.84/1.21	2.32/0.95	−0.52	–	9.19/1.60	2.42/0.86	−6.77***	–
Depression	2.92/1.26	3.00/1.26	0.08	–	10.08/1.52	2.88/1.03	−7.19***	–
Anxiety	4.72/1.54	4.28/1.24	−0.44	–	12.85/2.05	3.85/1.16	−9.00***	–
	Time 1 M/SD	Time 3 M/SD	T1 to T3 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g**	Time 1 M/SD	Time 3 M/SD	T1 to T3 adjusted b*	Hedges’ g**
Mindfulness	2.06/0.28	4.85/0.42	1.39***	7.41***	2.12/0.22	5.00/0.58	1.44***	6.36 ***
Distress	31.28/4.01	9.60/2.56	−10.83***	6.02***	31.82/3.27	9.15/1.99	−11.34***	7.94 ***
Somatization	9.38/1.54	2.32/0.95	−3.53***	5.05 ***	9.57/1.67	2.42/0.86	−3.58***	5.28 ***
Depression	9.83/1.07	3.00/1.26	−3.41***	5.50 ***	9.86/1.18	2.88/1.03	−3.50***	6.26 ***
Anxiety	12.07/2.48	4.28/1.24	−3.89***	4.07 ***	12.39/1.91	3.85/1.16	−4.27***	5.36 ***

*Within-group treatment effect was evaluated controlling for age, educational background, and gender. Full information maximum likelihood estimation was used to run the model to address missing value

**Hedges’ g_corrected results calculated the effect size of treatment within-group comparison from time 1 to time 3 using only complete cases

***p < 0.001