Table 2.
Results from multivariate regressions.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Est. | p | Est. | p | Est. | p | Est. | p | |
| Verifiable Dx | −0.185 | 0.04 | −0.155 | 0.08 | ||||
| Pain in CC (vs. abdominal pain in CC) | ||||||||
| Pain of head | −0.272 | 0.25 | −0.269 | 0.25 | ||||
| Pain of face | −0.153 | 0.42 | −0.142 | 0.46 | ||||
| Pain of neck | −0.258 | 0.50 | −0.215 | 0.58 | ||||
| Pain of chest | −1.049 | 0.00 | −1.100 | 0.00 | ||||
| Pain of back | 0.631 | 0.00 | 0.614 | 0.00 | ||||
| Pain of upper extremity | 0.244 | 0.40 | 0.245 | 0.38 | ||||
| Pain of lower extremity | 0.541 | 0.01 | 0.528 | 0.02 | ||||
| Pain of other body parts | −0.651 | 0.16 | −0.683 | 0.15 | ||||
| Pain of multiple body parts (excluding injuries) | 0.131 | 0.43 | 0.122 | 0.46 | ||||
| Pain from injuries | −0.956 | 0.00 | −0.997 | 0.00 | ||||
| Pain but no body parts mentioned | −0.358 | 0.04 | −0.417 | 0.02 | ||||
| Verifiable painful Dx (vs. abdominal pain in CC) | ||||||||
| Fractures or dislocations | 0.191 | 0.43 | 0.208 | 0.38 | ||||
| Superficial soft tissue injuries | −0.221 | 0.17 | −0.209 | 0.20 | ||||
| Deep soft tissue injuries | −1.476 | 0.00 | −1.442 | 0.00 | ||||
| Head injuries | −1.828 | 0.02 | −1.783 | 0.02 | ||||
| Thoracic, abdominal and pelvic injuries | 0.109 | 0.94 | 0.199 | 0.88 | ||||
| Other injuries | −0.691 | 0.02 | −0.686 | 0.02 | ||||
| Multisystem injuries | −0.143 | 0.73 | −0.155 | 0.71 | ||||
| Acute MI | −0.794 | 0.31 | −1.019 | 0.20 | ||||
| Kidney and ureteral stones | 0.841 | 0.00 | 0.893 | 0.00 | ||||
| Intestinal obstructions | 0.455 | 0.42 | 0.430 | 0.46 | ||||
| ≥ 65 years old | −0.971 | 0.00 | −0.877 | 0.00 | −0.921 | 0.00 | −0.865 | 0.00 |
| Female | 0.331 | 0.00 | 0.307 | 0.00 | 0.259 | 0.00 | 0.233 | 0.01 |
| Race/ethnicity (vs. Non-Hispanic white) | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic black | 0.181 | 0.14 | 0.217 | 0.07 | 0.186 | 0.14 | 0.225 | 0.06 |
| Hispanic | −0.188 | 0.19 | −0.141 | 0.32 | −0.205 | 0.15 | −0.153 | 0.28 |
| Other races | −0.450 | 0.16 | −0.434 | 0.15 | −0.438 | 0.15 | −0.414 | 0.15 |
| MSA | 0.699 | 0.01 | 0.697 | 0.01 | 0.683 | 0.01 | 0.679 | 0.01 |
| Region (vs Northeast) | ||||||||
| Midwest | −0.077 | 0.82 | −0.092 | 0.78 | −0.089 | 0.79 | −0.113 | 0.73 |
| South | 0.181 | 0.55 | 0.196 | 0.51 | 0.171 | 0.57 | 0.185 | 0.53 |
| West | 0.011 | 0.98 | 0.009 | 0.98 | 0.017 | 0.96 | 0.018 | 0.96 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Diabetes | 0.347 | 0.02 | 0.350 | 0.02 | ||||
| Asthma | 0.098 | 0.50 | 0.145 | 0.29 | ||||
| COPD | 0.121 | 0.54 | 0.200 | 0.31 | ||||
| CAD | 0.030 | 0.87 | 0.168 | 0.34 | ||||
| Depression | 0.493 | 0.00 | 0.528 | 0.00 | ||||
| Hyperlipidemia | −0.303 | 0.10 | −0.292 | 0.12 | ||||
| Hypertension | −0.142 | 0.19 | −0.117 | 0.26 | ||||
| Substance abuse | 0.433 | 0.01 | 0.430 | 0.01 | ||||
Dx, diagnosis; CC, chief complaints; MI, myocardial infarction; MSA, metropolitan statistical area; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAD, coronary artery disease.