Table 2.
Zone 1 pooled results
| Treatment | Mean age, years (range) | Mean FU, months (range) | Primary outcomes | Secondary outcomes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Union, n (%) | Delayed/non-union, n (%) | Refracture, n (%) | Total (n) | Mean time to union, weeks (range) | Mean time to activities, weeks (range) | Mean AOFAS (range) | ||||
| Surgery | Overall |
42.4 (range: 25.6–50) |
19.3 (range: 12–37.7) |
173 (96.1%) | 7 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) | 180 |
7.6 (n = 106) (range: 1.6–9.6) |
11.0 (n = 91) (range: 9.1–12.5) |
93.3 (n = 159) (range: 87.8–98.2) |
| IMSa |
36.8 (25.6–47.0) |
12.2 (12.0–13.0) |
58 (95.1%) | 3 (4.9%) | – | 61 |
8.9 (n = 49) (7.7–9.6) |
10.5 (n = 46) (8.1–12.5) |
90.3 (n = 70) (88.1–97.7) |
|
| Plate |
44.0 (34.4–50.0) |
13.6 (12.0–17.0) |
58 (96.7%) | 2 (3.3%) | – | 60 |
7.0 (n = 60) (5.9–8.8) |
11.5 (n = 45) (10.4–12.0) |
94.6 (n = 60) (93.2–98.2) |
|
| BIS |
47.2 N/A |
5.3 N/A |
6 (100%) | 0 (0%) | – | 6 |
5.3 (n = 6) N/A |
– |
93.5 (n = 6) N/A |
|
| K-wire |
48.4 N/A |
30.6 N/A |
31 (96.9%) | 1 (3.1%) | – | 32 | – | – |
96.5 (n = 32) N/A |
|
| Unknown |
43.7 N/A |
37.7 N/A |
20 (95.2%) | 1 (4.8%) | – | 21 | – | – | - | |
| Conservative | Overall |
39.2 (range: 12.4–51.5) |
13.9 (range: 2.8–32.4) |
334 (91.0%) | 33 (9.0%) | 0 (0%) | 367 |
8.5 (n = 155) (range: 6.1- 16.1) |
7.1 (n = 269) (range: 2.1- 17.4) |
92.8 (n = 159) (range: 87- 96.4) |
| Cast |
36.9 (12.4–51.5) |
9.5 (8.6–10.4) |
137 (93.2%) | 10 (6.8%) | – | 147 |
6.14 (n = 75) N/A |
7.3 (n = 72) (2.8–16.1) |
90.7 (n = 62) (87.0–94.0) |
|
| Shoe/boot |
43.3 (40.0–44.5) |
13.8 (2.8–22.0) |
42 (84%) | 8 (16%) | – | 50 | – |
4.6 (n = 148) (2.1–6.7) |
96.4 (n = 59) N/A |
|
| Bandage |
39.9 (36.0–47.5) |
2.8 N/A |
60 (96.8%) | 2 (3.2%) | – | 62 |
6.7 (n = 45) (6.4–7.1) |
– |
90.5 (n = 17) N/A |
|
| Combined |
38.3 N/A |
32.4 N/A |
25 (71.4%) | 10 (28.6%) | – | 35 |
16.1 (n = 35) N/A |
17.4 (n = 35) N/A |
- | |
| Unknown |
37.7 (23.0–37.9) |
25.0 N/A |
70 (95.9%) | 3 (4.1%) | – | 73 | – | – | - | |
IMS intra-medullary screw, BIS bicortical screw, N number, N/A not applicable