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. 2021 Mar 18;11:6355. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85798-y

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© This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in oxygen levels in substantia nigra, pars reticulata (SNr) induced by auditory stimulus (Sound), Tail-pinch and Social Interaction in awake, freely moving rats. Comparison with nucleus accumbens (NAc) responses. (A) Mean (± SEM) changes in oxygen levels relative to baseline (100%) calculated with 1-min time bins. Vertical hatched lines show onset and offset of stimulus presentation. Filled symbols mark values significantly different from pre-stimulus baseline (P < 0.05). (B) Correlative relationships between oxygen changes in two recording locations. r = coefficient of correlation calculated for the time interval of significant increase in NAc oxygen levels (values in brackets). (C) Mean (± SEM) changes in oxygen levels relative to baseline (100%) calculated with 4-s time bins. SNr data were obtained in 4 rats; 12, 9 and 9 responses were averaged for cocaine and heroin at two doses, respectively) (see Supplementary materials for ANOVA values and n in each group). Asterisks show significance of coefficients of correlation (*, ** and ***, P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and 0.001, respectively). Green line with asterisk shows significant between-structure differences in oxygen curves for the initial period following stimulus presentation.