Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios of food insecurity status on chronic pain in CCHS 2015 and PO use in 2018.
| Food-secure | Marginal FI | Moderate FI | Severe FI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCHS 2015 | ||||
| Any pain (n = 33,000) | reference | 1.31 (1.15–1.48) | 1.89 (1.71–2.08) | 3.29 (2.90–3.74) |
| Severe pain if any pain (n = 7600) | reference | 1.40 (1.06–1.87) | 1.76 (1.44–2.16) | 2.88 (2.33–3.56) |
| Pain prevents most activity if any pain (n = 7600) | reference | 1.43 (1.08–1.88) | 1.67 (1.37–2.05) | 3.19 (2.60–3.91) |
| CCHS 2018 | ||||
| Oxycodone (n = 51,100) | reference | 1.64 (1.25–2.14) | 1.74 (1.40–2.17) | 3.43 (2.76–4.25) |
| Fentanyl (n = 51,100) | reference | 1.66 (1.03–2.69) | 1.75 (1.18–2.59) | 3.45 (2.36–5.03) |
| Other POs (n = 51,100) | reference | 1.36 (1.09–1.69) | 1.79 (1.52–2.10) | 2.26 (1.88–2.72) |
| Any PO (n = 51,100) | reference | 1.55 (1.30–1.85) | 1.77 (1.54–2.04) | 2.65 (2.27–3.09) |
| Daily PO use if any PO (n = 6900) | reference | 1.36 (0.94–1.97) | 1.11 (0.84–1.48) | 2.29 (1.75–2.99) |
| Excess PO dose if any PO (n = 5900) | reference | 1.56 (0.89–2.73) | 1.55 (1.04–2.33) | 1.42 (0.90–2.23) |
| Alternative PO use if any PO (n = 6900) | reference | 1.75 (1.11–2.73) | 1.75 (1.11–2.73) | 2.20 (1.35–3.61) |
| Some PO not prescribed if any PO (n = 6900) | reference | 1.64 (1.03–2.62) | 1.01 (0.67–1.51) | 1.40 (0.95–2.08) |
Notes: “FI” = food insecurity. “PO” = prescription opioid. All models adjusted for sex, age, race-ethnicity, household income, income imputation status, household highest education, housing status, household type, immigrant status, urbanicity, smoking status, past-year alcohol consumption, and prescription medication insurance status. Marginal and moderate food insecurity are collapsed for “alternative use if any PO” to conform to Statistics Canada's confidentiality requirement. Robust 95% confidence intervals are shown in parentheses.