Aneurysms partially and completely treated with GDC embolization.
A and B, Conventional angiograms of left- (A) and right-sided (B) aneurysms before and after GDC embolization. The left-sided aneurysm (arrowhead) was completely treated. The two right-sided aneurysms were partially treated, such that there was persistent flow within the aneurysm (arrows).
C and D, 3D MR DSA images of the left- (C) and right-sided (D) aneurysms before (9.6/2.1/1) and after (11.5/2.3/1) GDC embolization. The left-sided aneurysm is obliterated after treatment (arrowhead). Note the absence of high signal artifacts from thrombosis, soft tissue enhancement, or susceptibility artifacts. Residual flow is accurately depicted in the two right-sided aneurysms, which were partially treated with GDCs (arrows).
E, CT angiographic source image of GDCs. Severe beam-hardening artifact renders these images diagnostically useless.
F, Contrast-enhanced 3D-TOF source image (33/3.3/1) of the left-sided aneurysm completely treated by GDCs. The GDC mass is surrounded by high signal intensity (arrow), which may be the result of flowing blood, thrombus, enhancing granulation tissue, mild susceptibility artifacts, or a combination thereof.
G and H, Contrast-enhanced 3D-TOF source images (33/3.3/1) of incompletely treated carotid aneurysms on lower right (G) and upper right (H) sides. The signal intensity around the coil mass (arrows) is lower than that of the parent artery, although it is similar to that found in the completely treated aneurysm (F). Conventional angiography and 3D MR DSA documented that the two right-sided aneurysms contained flowing blood (C, D).