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. 2021 Mar 2;23(5):315. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11954

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Copyright: © Pak et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 5. — Expression levels of SHH in PANC-1 cells in the presence of C5E, gemcitabine or the combination treatment. mRNA expression levels of SHH were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The housekeeping gene GAPDH was used as the internal control for normalization. The mean values of the fold change in mRNA expression levels for the SHH gene in each treatment group relative to the control are shown. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of ≥3 independent experiments. *P<0.05, ***P<0.001 vs. control. SHH, sonic hedgehog.