Table 1.
Patient baseline characteristics
| Factors | Unmatched comparison | Unmatched comparison | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laparoscopic (n=57) | Open (n=188) | P | Laparoscopic (n=51) | Open (n=51) | P | |
| Gender | 0.652 | 0.799 | ||||
| Male | 45 (78.95%) | 143 (76.06%) | 42 (82.35%) | 41 (80.39%) | ||
| Female | 12 (21.05%) | 45 (23.94%) | 9 (17.65%) | 10 (19.61%) | ||
| Age (y) | 0.003* | 0.074 | ||||
| ≤65 | 35 (61.40%) | 74 (39.36%) | 32 (62.75%) | 23 (45.10%) | ||
| >65 | 22 (38.60%) | 114 (60.64%) | 19 (37.25%) | 28 (54.90%) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.434 | 0.427 | ||||
| ≤18.5 | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.60%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| 18.5-24 | 27 (47.37%) | 84 (44.68%) | 26 (50.98%) | 22 (43.14%) | ||
| >24 | 30 (52.63%) | 101 (53.72%) | 25 (49.02%) | 29 (56.86%) | ||
| NRS 2002 score | 0.039* | 0.822 | ||||
| 1-2 | 45 (78.95%) | 120 (63.83%) | 40 (78.43%) | 40 (78.43%) | ||
| 3-4 | 11 (19.30%) | 52 (27.66%) | 10 (19.61%) | 9 (17.65%) | ||
| 5-6 | 1 (1.75%) | 16 (8.51%) | 1 (1.96%) | 2 (3.92%) | ||
| ASA grade | 0.013* | 1.000 | ||||
| 1-2 | 52 (91.23%) | 143 (76.06%) | 46 (90.20%) | 47 (92.16%) | ||
| 3-4 | 5 (8.77%) | 45 (23.94%) | 5 (9.80%) | 4 (7.84%) | ||
| Hypertension | 0.856 | 1.000 | ||||
| Yes | 21 (36.84%) | 68 (36.17%) | 21 (41.18%) | 21 (41.18%) | ||
| No | 36 (63.1619.30%) | 120 (63.83%) | 30 (58.82%) | 30 (58.82%) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.880 | 1.000 | ||||
| Yes | 11 (19.30%) | 38 (20.21%) | 9 (17.65%) | 9 (17.65%) | ||
| No | 46 (80.70%) | 150 (79.79%) | 42 (82.35%) | 42 (82.35%) | ||
| Previous abdominal surgery | 0.361 | 0.433 | ||||
| Yes | 5 (8.77%) | 25 (13.30%) | 5 (9.80%) | 2 (3.92%) | ||
| No | 52 (91.23%) | 163 (86.70%) | 46 (90.20%) | 49 (96.08) | ||
| Tumor location | 0.480 | |||||
| Cardia | 8 (14.04%) | 30 (15.96%) | 5 (9.80%) | 6 (11.76%) | 0.688 | |
| Body | 15 (26.32%) | 33 (17.55%) | 13 (25.49%) | 13 (25.49%) | ||
| Antrum | 33 (57.89%) | 118 (62.77%) | 32 (62.75%) | 32 (62.75%) | ||
| Total | 1 (1.75%) | 7 (3.72%) | 1 (1.96%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Differentiated degree | 0.952 | 0.573 | ||||
| Differentiated | 44 (77.19%) | 142 (75.53%) | 39 (76.47%) | 35 (68.63%) | ||
| Undifferentiated | 5 (8.77%) | 19 (10.11%) | 5 (9.80%) | 5 (9.80%) | ||
| Signet ring carcinoma | 8 (14.04%) | 27 (14.36%) | 7 (13.73%) | 11 (21.57%) | ||
| Pathological type | 0.848 | 1.000 | ||||
| Ulcerative type | 53 (92.98%) | 172 (91.49%) | 47 (92.16%) | 46 (90.20%) | ||
| Non-ulcerative type | 4 (7.02%) | 16 (8.51%) | 4 (7.84%) | 5 (9.80%) | ||
| T stage | 0.028 | 0.349 | ||||
| I | 22 (38.60%) | 39 (20.74%) | 23 (45.11%) | 16 (31.37%) | ||
| II | 9 (15.79%) | 29 (15.53%) | 6 (11.76%) | 12 (23.53%) | ||
| III | 6 (10.53%) | 38 (20.21%) | 6 (11.76%) | 6 (11.76%) | ||
| IV | 19 (33.33%) | 82 (43.62%) | 16 (31.37%) | 17 (33.34%) | ||
| Lymphatic metastasis number | 0.043 | 0.204 | ||||
| 0 | 35 (61.40%) | 82 (43.62%) | 31 (60.78%) | 27 (52.94%) | ||
| 1-2 | 10 (17.54%) | 35 (18.61%) | 9 (17.65%) | 10 (19.61%) | ||
| 3-6 | 9 (15.79%) | 38 (20.21%) | 9 (17.65%) | 8 (15.69%) | ||
| 7-16 | 3 (5.3%) | 25 (13.30%) | 2 (3.92%) | 2 (3.92%) | ||
| >16 | 0 (0%) | 7 (3.72%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (7.84%) | ||
| TNM stage | 0.006 | 0.924 | ||||
| I | 29 (50.88%) | 53 (28.19%) | 25 (49.02%) | 23 (45.10%) | ||
| II | 11 (19.30%) | 52 (27.66%) | 11 (21.57%) | 12 (23.53%) | ||
| III | 17 (29.82%) | 83 (44.15%) | 15 (29.41%) | 16 (31.37%) | ||
| Combined organ resection | 0.387 | 1.000 | ||||
| Yes | 2 (3.51%) | 15 (7.98%) | 2 (3.92%) | 1 (1.96%) | ||
| No | 55 (96.49%) | 173 (92.02%) | 49 (96.08%) | 50 (98.04%) | ||
| Postoperative chemotherapy | 0.007 | 0.842 | ||||
| Yes | 30 (52.63%) | 135 (71.81%) | 29 (56.86%) | 28 (54.90%) | ||
| No | 27 (47.37%) | 53 (28.19%) | 22 (43.14%) | 23 (45.10%) | ||
BMI; body mass index, ASA; American Society of Anesthesiologists, NRS 2002; nutritional risk screening 2002, TNM tumor-node-metastasis;
The values represent the number of patients, and values in parentheses represent percentages;
*Represents P < 0.05, which was considered to be statistically significant.