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. 2021 Mar 16;2(3):100216. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100216

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© 2021 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Schematic of hERG biogenesis, trafficking, and degradation and pathways of drug-induced I_Kr deficiency

Subcellular processes modulating hERG expression on the cellular membrane include (1) mRNA synthesis, (2) synthesis of polypeptide chain, (3) transport of polypeptide from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus with Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones attached, (4) transport of the polypeptide in the COPII-mediated vesicle, (5) glycosylation, (6) exocytosis, (7) endocytosis, (8) ubiquitination, and (9) degradation of hERG.