Table 2.
Characterization of the experimental design of the evaluated studies
| Article ID | Obesogenic diet | Control diet | Diet offering method | Intervention time | Animals | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | % | kcal/g | Type | % | kcal/g | Type | Sex | Weeks-old | |||
| Asokan et al. 2018 [56] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Standard | – | – | Ad libitum | 10 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 |
| Bortolin et al. 2018 [8] | High fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Control | – | – | Ad libitum | 18 weeks | Wistar rats | Male | 8 |
| Western◊ | 42.5 fat | – | |||||||||
| Heo et al. 2018 [2] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat, 20.0 carb., 20.0 protein | – | Low-fat◊ | 10.0 fat, 70.0 carb., 20.0 protein | – | Free access | 10 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 5 |
| Hira et al. 2018 [24] | High-fat high-sucrose ▪ | 30.0 fat, 40.0 sucrose | 5.1 |
Control (AIN-93G) |
– | 4.0 | Free access | 8 days | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 5 |
| 8 weeks | |||||||||||
| Lee et al. 2018 [27] |
High-fat B-MLCT ▪ |
30.0 fat | 5.5 |
Low-fat B-MLCT ▪ |
7.0 fat | 4.0 | Ad libitum | 16 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 |
|
High-fat E-MLCT ▪ |
Low-fat E-MLCT ▪ |
||||||||||
|
High-fat C-MLCT ▪ |
Low-fat C-MLCT ▪ |
||||||||||
| Iñiguez et al. 2018 [25] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Control | – | – | Pair-feeding | 10 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 8 |
| Kazeminasab et al. 2018 [12] | High-fat◊ | 45.0 fat, 35.0 carb., 20.0 protein | – | Low-fat◊ | 10.0 fat, 70.0 carb., 20.0 protein | – | Ad libitum | 12 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 |
| Matias et al. 2018 [3] | High-sugar□ | 25.9 fat, 52.3 carb., 24.8 protein | 3.6 | Control□ | 25.6 fat, 52.3 carb., 21.8 protein | 3.5 | Free access | 20 weeks | Wistar rats | Male | 4 |
| High-fat□ | 37.6 fat, 44.6 carb., 17.8 protein | 4.6 | |||||||||
| High-fat/ high-sugar□ | 37.4 fat, 43.4 carb., 19.2 protein | 4.5 | |||||||||
| Miranda et al. 2018 [19] | High-fat | – | 4.6 | Control | - | 3.7 | Free access | 6 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | - |
| Wistar rats | Male | - | |||||||||
| Rocha Rodrigues et al. 2018 [57] | High-fat◊ | 71.0 fat, 11.0 carb., 18.0 protein | – | Standard◊ | 35.0 fat, 47.0 carb., 18.0 protein | - | Pair-fed | 17 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 6 |
| Son et al. 2018 [21] | High-fat | – | – |
Normal (AIN-93) |
– | – | Ad libitum | 8 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 5 |
| Virto et al. 2018 [62] | High-fat● | 35.2 fat, 35.5 carb., 20.4 protein | 5.4 | Control● | 3.0 fat, 60.0 carb., 16.0 protein | 2.9 | Ad libitum | 26 weeks | Wistar rats | – | – |
| Wu et al. 2018 [30] | High-fat◊ | 23.7 fat, 53.3 carb., 23.0 protein | 5.1 | Normal○ | 13.3 saturated fat, 60.5 carb., 26.2 protein | 3.6 | Ad libitum | 6 weeks | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 6 |
| Yuan et al. 2018 [35] | High fat◊ | 45.0 fat, 35.0 carb., 20.0 protein | – | Normal◊ | 4.0 fat, 62.0 carb., 18.0 protein | - | Ad libitum | 18 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 7 |
| 24 weeks | |||||||||||
| Aslani et al. 2017 [63] | High-fat◊ | 42.0 fat, 39.0 carb., 19.0 protein | – | Normal◊ | 11.0 fat, 61.0 carb., 28.0 protein | – | Ad libitum | 12 weeks | Wistar rats | Male | 8 |
| Blancas-Velazquez et al.2017 [15] | High-fat high-sugar | – | – | Control◊ | 12.0 fat, 65.0 carb., 23.0 protein | 2.8 | Ad libitum | 6 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6–8 |
| Karimi et al. 2017 [18] | High-fat (AIN-76A) | – | 5.5 | Standard | – | 3.8 | Ad libitum | 12 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 6 |
| 27 weeks | |||||||||||
| Kim et al. 2017 [33] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Standard◊ | 12.0 fat, 64.0 carb., 24.0 protein | – | Ad libitum | 6 weeks | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 4 |
| Kus et al. 2017 [68] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – |
Control (AIN-93G) |
– | – | – | 15 weeks | C57BL/6 mice | Male | – |
| La Frano et al. 2017 [26] | High-fat high-cholesterol◊ | 60.0 fat | 5.2 | Low-fat low-cholesterol◊ | 10.0 fat | 3.8 | Ad libitum | 18 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 12 |
| Pan et al. 2017 [61] | High-fat◊ | 45.0 fat | – | Normal◊ | 15.0 fat | – | Free access | 16 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 4 |
| Picklo et al. 2017 [10] | High-fat oleic◊ | 50.0 fat, 30.0 carb., 20.0 protein | 5.5 | Low fat◊ | 16.0 fat, 64.0 carb., 20.0 protein | 4.3 | – | 8 weeks | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 12 |
| High-fat saturated◊ | |||||||||||
| Yang et al. 2017 [22] | High-fat | – | – | Control | – | – | – | 6 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | – | – |
| Choi et al. 2016 [9] | High-fat◊ | 40.0 fat | – |
Normal◊ (AIN-76) |
11.5 fat | – | – | 12 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 8 |
| Jambocus et al. 2016 [17] | High-saturated fat | – | – | Normal | – | – | Ad libitum | 12 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | 3 |
| Krishna et al. 2016 [1] | High-fat◊ | 41.0 fat, 40.0 carb., 19.0 protein | – | Standard◊ | 11.0 fat, 65.0 carb., 19.0 protein | – | Ad libitum | 14 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 3 |
| Naidu et al. 2016 [20] | High-fat | – | – | Normal (AIN-93) | – | – | – | 30 days | Wistar rats | Male | - |
| Zhao et al. 2016 [64] | High-fat◊ | 45.0 fat, 36.0 carb., 19.0 protein | – | Control◊ | 12.0 fat, 60.5 carb., 27.5 protein | – | – | 8 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | - |
| Huang et al. 2015 [16] | High-fat | – | – | Normal | – | – | Ad libitum | 12 weeks | Sprague–Dawley rats | Male | – |
| Li et al. 2015 [51] | High-fat● | 45.0 fat | – | Control● | 10.0 fat | – | Ad libitum | 22 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Female | 6–8 |
| Nam et al. 2015 [28] | High-fat◊ | 45.2 fat, 38.0 carb., 16.8 protein | 4.7 | Low-fat◊ | 11.7 fat, 67.5 carb., 20.8 protein | 3.8 | Ad libitum | 11 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 4 |
| Rodríguez- Rodríguez et al. 2015 [29] | High-fat◊ | 45.2 fat, 34.2 carb., 20.6 protein | – | Control◊ | 12.0 fat, 67.4 carb., 20.6 protein | – | Free access | 12 weeks | C57BL/6NCrl mice | Male | 8 |
| Savetsky et al. 2015 [34] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Normal◊ | 13.0 fat | – | Ad libitum | 10–12 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 |
| Wyatt et al. 2015 [13] | High-fat◊ | 60.0 fat | – | Control◊ | 10.0 fat | – | – | 5 weeks | C57BL/6J mice | Male | 6 |
| 8 weeks | |||||||||||
| Zhang et al. 2015 [23] | High-fat | – | – | Normal (AIN-93 M) | – | – | Ad libitum | 16 weeks | C57BL/6 mice | Male | 5 |
□, % g/kg; ▪, % w/w; ◊, % kcal; ○, % g/100 g; ●, Not determine the unit of %; B-MLCT, Non-enzymatically interesterified MLCT; E-MLCT, Enzymatically interesterified MCLT; C-MLCT, Commercially MLCT; carb., carbohydrate