Table 3.
Deterioration of glycemic control positively correlated with increased GDI
| Items | Normal (n = 4) |
Mild (n = 9) |
Moderate (n = 11) |
Severe (n = 6) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c (%) | 6.28 ± 0.76 | 8.58 ± 1.66 | 9.55 ± 1.85 | 10.40 ± 0.85 | P<0.001# |
| GA (%) | 15.14 ± 2.77 | 23.82 ± 6.11 | 27.75 ± 6.21 | 30.73 ± 5.87 | P<0.01* |
| log-FBGa (mmol/L) | 0.79 ± 0.10 (6.23 ± 1.30) | 0.84 ± 0.06 (6.98 ± 0.88) | 0.92 ± 0.08 (8.54 ± 1.71) | 1.02 ± 0.11 (10.76 ± 2.64) | P<0.001* |
| MBG (mmol/L) | 7.00 ± 0.27 | 7.88 ± 0.63 | 10.96 ± 1.13 | 13.55 ± 1.56 | P<0.001* |
| sqrt-AUCH-Lb (mmol/L∙ day) | 0.48 ± 0.32 (0.31 ± 0.21) | 0.93 ± 0.20 (0.90 ± 0.39) | 1.79 ± 0.23 (3.27 ± 0.79) | 2.40 ± 0.29 (5.83 ± 1.53) | P<0.001* |
| SDBG (mmol/L) | 1.06 ± 0.36 | 2.08 ± 0.50 | 2.77 ± 0.77 | 3.32 ± 1.01 | P<0.001* |
| MAGE (mmol/L) | 2.15 ± 0.55 | 3.98 ± 1.15 | 4.84 ± 1.49 | 5.27 ± 1.52 | P<0.01* |
| MODD (mmol/L) | 1.07 ± 0.47 | 2.07 ± 0.76 | 2.68 ± 0.55 | 3.41 ± 1.06 | P<0.01# |
| Diabetes complications | 18.75% | 27.75% | 33.98% | 37.48% |
The results are expressed as mean ± SD. *, One-way ANOVA; #, Brown–Forsythe test. A P value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. alog-transformation; bsquare-root transformation. Original data are shown in parentheses
HbA1c Glycosylated hemoglobin, GA Glycated Albumin, FBG Fasting blood glucose, MBG Mean blood glucose, AUC Area under the curve, SDBG Standard deviation of blood glucose, MAGE Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, MODD Mean of daily differences