Table 1.
Identification, validation, and function of 21 protein-coding genes in the B chromosomes from the studied species
| A. scabripinnis | A. paranae | qPCR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene | gFC | qPCR | SNPs | gFC | qPCR | A. bockmanni | A. fasciatus | Function |
| amhr2 | 1.8 | 1 | 7 | 0.9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Gonadal development |
| bt1a1 | 1.7 | 1 | 0 | − 0.4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Unknown |
| ccnd3 | 1.2 | 1 | 0 | −0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Cell cycle |
| ccpg1 | 0.9 | 1 | 9 | 1.3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Cell cycle |
| cia30 | 7.0 | 1 | 0 | 7.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Mitochondrial |
| g2e3 | 5.7 | 1 | 0 | 5.0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Cell cycle |
| hem2 | 1.8 | 1 | 3 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Biosynthesis |
| lap4a | 1.5 | 1 | 0 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Transport |
| mdm2 | 2.0 | 1 | 0 | 1.9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Indirect cell cycle regulation |
| mot1 | 1.0 | 1 | 1 | 1.6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Transport |
| msh4 | 1.6 | 1 | 21 | 1.4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Cell cycle |
| nobox | 1.7 | 1 | 5 | 3.1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Cell cycle |
| numa1 | 2.7 | 1 | 0 | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Cell cycle |
| nusap1 | 7.3 | 1 | 0 | 3.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Cell cycle |
| rnf17 | 1.3 | 1 | 2 | 1.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Indirect cell cycle regulation |
| sbno2 | 5.9 | 1 | 0 | 6.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Transcriptional coregulator |
| sh3d21 | 1.5 | 1 | 34 | 1.6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Unknown |
| simc1 | 3.1 | 1 | 25 | 2.0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Transcription factor |
| slc5a8 | 1.0 | 1 | 5 | 1.6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Transport |
| tshb | 0.7 | 1 | 2 | 1.7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Hormone-mediated signaling pathway |
| urok | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Plasminogen activation |
| Sum | 20 | 114 | 20 | 14 | 11 | |||
NGS analyses were performed for the large metacentric of A. scabripinnis and A. paranae, and, additionally, qPCR tests for their presence on B chromosomes in A. bockmanni and A. fasciatus. Genomic fold change (gFC) was calculated as log2(1B/0B) of mean nucleotide coverage along transcript length in the 1B and 0B libraries. In the qPCR columns, 1 indicates qPCR validation of gene overabundance in 1B genomes compared to 0B ones