Figure 1:

Q5 versus Q1 SES Gradient across Canada—Mathematics Scores

Notes: Estimated SES Q5 coeffi cients. See note to Table 1 for list of control variables. The acronyms used for each province and Canada are: CAD = Canada, NL = Newfoundland and Labrador, PE = Prince Edward Island, NS: Nova Scotia, NB = New Brunswick, QC = Québec, ON = Ontario, MN = Manitoba, SK = Saskatchewan, AB = Alberta, and BC= British Columbia.

Source: Author’s calculations.