. 2021 Mar 4;11(9):4436–4451. doi: 10.7150/thno.54004

Table 1.

Signal 1 of inflammasome activation system

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)	Activators
TLR	PAMPs
	- LPS ¹¹⁵, ¹¹⁶
	- Peptidoglycan ¹¹⁶
	- Zymosan ¹¹⁵, ¹¹⁷
	- Lipoproteins ¹¹⁸
	DAMPs
	- Heat shock proteins ¹¹⁹, ¹²⁰
	- Histones ¹²¹
	- Defensins ¹²²
IL-1R	IL-1β ¹²³
TNFR	TNF-α ¹²⁴