Table 3.
Summary for sources and responsible bioactive molecules of exosomes with inhibitory effects against inflammasome activation
| Sources of exosomes | Releasing cell type | Target cell(s)/tissue(s) | Effector molecule(s) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With paracrine effects | ||||
| Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) | Stem cell | Macrophage and Kupffer cell | miR-17 | 100 |
| Bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) | Stem cell | Nucleus pulposus cell | Mitochondrial proteins | 16 |
| Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) | Stem cell | Cardiomyoblast | N/A | 96 |
| Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis * | Stem cell | Spinal cord | N/A | 101 |
| Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) | Stem cell | Retinal endothelial cell | miR-126 | 97 |
| hUCMSCs | Stem cell | Macrophage | N/A | 99 |
| hUCMSCs | Stem cell | Macrophage | miR-181c | 98 |
| Cyclic stretch-stimulated periodontal ligament (PDL) cells | Fibroblast-like cell | Macrophage | N/A | 102 |
| With paracrine and/or autocrine effects | ||||
| Fetal bovine serum # | N/A | Macrophage | N/A | 104 |
*The mixture of exosomes and microvesicles was used in the study.
#EVs were used in the study.
N/A: No available information.