Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of literatures.
| Publication | Sample size | Proportion of male (%) | Age mean ± SD/range | Diagnose | Therapeutic course | Outcome | ROB | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCM | CG | TCM | CG | ||||||
| Wenzhong Zhang, 2013 | 30 | 20 | 86.00% | 6-14 | CCMD-III | 6Ws | ①⑤ | U | |
| Weibin Gao, 2007 | 60 | 60 | 71.66% | 4-21 | CCMD-2-R | 3Ws | ①②③④ | U | |
| Dahua Wu, 2007 | 22 | 22 | 75.00% | 9.66 ± 2.83 | 10.03 ± 3.08 | DSM-IV | 4Ws | ①②⑥ | L |
| Guolan Ge, 2013 | 31 | 31 | 79.03% | 6.08 ± 2.05 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ① | H | |
| Linghua Deng, 2014 | 30 | 30 | 70.00% | 8.09 ± 1.74 | 8.47 ± 1.78 | DSM-IV | 8Ws | ①②⑥ | H |
| Congling Sun, 2008 | 33 | 33 | 78.79% | 6-18 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①③④⑥ | L | |
| Anyuan Li, 2008 | 60 | 60 | 71.67% | 3-25 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①③④⑦ | L | |
| Ruiping Ma, 2006 | 60 | 60 | 71.67% | 10.26 ± 4.05 | 10.98 ± 3.80 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①③④⑦ | L |
| Anyuan Li, 2013 | 42 | 43 | 70.59% | 10.48 ± 2.85 | 10.53 ± 2.78 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①②③④⑥⑦ | L |
| Riming Wu, 2004 | 30 | 30 | 78.33% | 4-12 | CCMD-2-R | 8Ws | ①⑦ | U | |
| Ying Tang, 2015 | 50 | 50 | 51.00% | 8.60 ± 3.20 | 8.30 ± 3.40 | Other | 12Ws | ①⑦ | U |
| Hengping Chen, 2009 | 43 | 30 | 27.40% | 9.20 ± 0.80 | 9.10 ± 0.90 | CCMD-2-R | 12Ws | ①⑦ | U |
| Guiping Li, 2013 | 54 | 54 | 53.70% | 6.50 ± 3.30 | 7.20 ± 3.80 | CCMD-2-R | 8Ws | ①② | U |
| Xiubo Du, 2011 | 32 | 30 | 67.74% | 7.92 ± 3.59 | 8.09 ± 3.43 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①⑦ | U |
| Yan Liu, 2009 | 60 | 40 | 58.00% | 10.26 ± 4.05 | 10.98 ± 3.80 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①③④⑦ | U |
| Bo wang, 2013 | 48 | 48 | 71.88% | 13.40 ± 4.20 | 12.90 ± 3.90 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①② | U |
| Lijun Deng, 2015 | 40 | 40 | 76.25% | 9.14 ± 2.21 | 9.16 ± 2.19 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①②⑥ | L |
| Feifei Chen, 2011 | 30 | 30 | 56.67% | 8.00 ± 2.36 | 9.00 ± 2.65 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①② | L |
| Tingting Fu, 2007 | 33 | 33 | 71.21% | 7.97 ± 2.79 | 8.29 ± 2.73 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①②③④⑥⑦ | L |
| Feng Han, 2015 | 30 | 30 | 75.00% | 8.94 ± 2.18 | 9.15 ± 2.27 | DSM-IV-R | 8Ws | ①⑥ | U |
| Huawei Li, 2011 | 36 | 36 | 45.83% | 9.55 ± 2.91 | 9.20 ± 3.02 | CCMD-III | 8Ws | ①②⑥ | U |
| Rongyi Zhou, 2016 | 60 | 60 | 78.33% | 5-15 | 5-16 | Other | 16Ws | ①⑦ | H |
| Siyuan Hu, 2014 | 328 | 110 | 80.37% | 9.86 ± 2.92 | 9.35 ± 2.94 | Other | 4Ws | ①②⑥⑦ | L |
| Qi Sun, 2016 | 36 | 36 | 56.00% | 4-35 | Other | 8Ws | ①⑦ | H | |
| Lifeng Shi, 2009 | 30 | 30 | 70.00% | 5-18 | DSM-IV | 8Ws | ①⑦ | H | |
| Yi Zheng,2016 | 362 | 116 | 84.52% | 9.60 ± 3.10 | 9.90 ± 2.80 | DSM-IV | 8Ws | ①⑥⑦ | L |
| Jinhui Li, 2016 | 118 | 115 | 54.35% | 4-14 | DSM-IV | 6Ws | ①②⑥ | L | |
| Xingyou Zhao, 2007 | 30 | 30 | 53.33% | 4-18 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①②③④⑥⑦ | L | |
| Na Yang, 2016 | 353 | 118 | 81.85% | NR | CCMD-III | 6Ws | ①②⑥⑦ | L | |
| Rong Ma, 2010 | 336 | 113 | NR | 4-18 | DSM-IV | 6Ws | ①②③④⑦ | H | |
| Zheng Hong, 2015 | 43 | 42 | 84.71% | 7.84 ± 1.79 | 8.31 ± 1.98 | DSM-IV-R | 12Ws | ①②⑤⑥⑦ | U |
| Meiying Liu, 2011 | 30 | 30 | 75.00% | 8.17 ± 2.87 | 9.20 ± 3.16 | DSM-IV-TR | 8Ws | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦ | L |
| Jin Li, 2010 | 106 | 105 | NR | 4-18 | CCMD-III | 4Ws | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦ | L | |
| Haiying Wei, 2013 | 30 | 30 | 78.33% | 8.53 ± 2.49 | 8.33 ± 2.48 | CCMD-III | 8Ws | ①②⑥⑦ | U |
| Di Zhang, 2013 | 30 | 30 | 73.33% | NR | CCMD-III | 6Ws | ①②⑥⑦ | U | |
| Chuang Zhao, 2014 | 30 | 30 | 70.00% | 8.57 ± 2.52 | 8.23 ± 2.45 | Other | 8Ws | ①③④ | U |
| L Zhao, 2010 | 33 | 31 | 89.06% | 11.95 ± 2.93 | 12.50 ± 2.87 | DSM-IV-TR | 8Ws | ①②③④ | L |
| Anyuan Li, 2009 | 60 | 30 | 57.78% | 9.59 ± 3.00 | 9.60 ± 2.95 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①②③④⑤⑦ | L |
| Min Wu, 2010 | 31 | 30 | 83.61% | 8.61 ± 3.16 | 9.30 ± 2.32 | ICD-10 | 24Ws | ①② | L |
| Min Wu, 2009 | 41 | 40 | 81.48% | 9.70 ± 2.01 | 9.10 ± 1.13 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①② | L |
| Yunchou Wu,2015 | 32 | 32 | 70.31% | 5-18 | DSM-IV | 6Ws | ①⑥⑦ | U | |
| Feng Yang, 2012 | 30 | 30 | 61.67% | 7.5 | 7.3 | DSM-IV | 4Ws | ①⑤ | H |
| Fen Wang, 2011 | 30 | 30 | 76.67% | 4-12 | Other | 4Ws | ①⑦ | U | |
| Xinhui Shan, 2016 | 45 | 45 | 81.11% | 8.00 ± 2.5 | 9.00 ± 2.7 | Other | 12Ws | ①②⑤⑦ | U |
| Jiaomei Feng, 2011 | 33 | 33 | 71.21% | 8.48 ± 2.50 | 8.18 ± 2.57 | DSM-IV | 12Ws | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦ | U |
| Jinping Fan, 2017 | 60 | 60 | 64.17% | 10.33 ± 3.14 | 10.90 ± 3.54 | DSM-V | 12Ws | ①②⑥⑦ | U |
| Jingyu Qiu, 2010 | 60 | 40 | 58.00% | 11.03 ± 4.05 | 11.09 ± 3.80 | DSM-IV | 24Ws | ①③④⑦ | U |
CCMD: Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders; CG: control group; DSM: the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; H: high; L: Low; U: unclear; NR: not reported; ROB: risk of bias; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; outcome: ① clinical efficacy; ② YGTSS (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale); ③ YGTSS motor tic scores; ④ YGTSS vocal tic scores; ⑤ recurrence rate; ⑥ TCMSSS (TCM Syndrome Score Scale); ⑦ adverse reaction.