Table 1. The characteristics of the included studies in meta-analysis.
| Sample size | Age (mean or range) | Comparisons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| study | country | year | Outcome adipokine | PCOS | Control | PCOS | Control | |
| Panidis el al. | Greece | 2004 | resistin | 70 | 20 | 26.8 ± 5.2 | 28.6 ± 4.5 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Seow el al. | Taiwan | 2004 | resistin | 17 | 10 | 28.9 ± 5.1 | 25.4 ± 4.3 | PCOS vs. control |
| LU el al. | China | 2005 | resistin | 20 | 20 | 29.68 ± 3.74 | 30.81 ± 2.74 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Seow el al. | Taiwan | 2005 | resistin | 21 | 18 | 23–40 | 24–44 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Morreale el al. | Spain | 2006 | resistin | 76 | 40 | 26 ± 6 | 31 ± 8 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Bideci el al. | Turkey | 2008 | resistin | 28 | 19 | 15.15 ± 0.78 | 14.8 ± 1 | PCOS vs. control |
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| YILMAZ et al. | Turkey | 2009 | resistin | 76 | 46 | 24.1 ± 5.32 | 23.98 ± 6.08 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| ARIKAN et al. | Turkey | 2010 | resistin | 31 | 25 | 21.8 ± 5.4 | 24.9 ± 5.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Glinianowicz el al. | Poland | 2011 | resistin | 41 | 16 | 24.9 ± 6.5 | 27.8 ± 7.1 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Glinianowicz el al. | Poland | 2013 | resistin | 87 | 67 | 25.4 ± 5.5 | 25.7 ± 4.9 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Cassar el al. | Australia | 2015 | resistin | 44 | 40 | 28 ± 4.08 | 31.15 ± 6.5 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Oz Gul el al. | Turkey | 2015 | resistin | 37 | 18 | 25.54 ± 4.8 | 29.8 ± 4.1 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Nambiar el al. | India | 2016 | resistin | 282 | 200 | 28.64 ± 5.06 | 31.11 ± 5.13 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| CHEN el al. | Taiwan | 2007 | resistin | 15 | 29 | 32.33 ± 4.18 | 33.89 ± 4.27 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| CHU el al. | China | 2009 | resistin | 35 | 40 | 28 ± 3 | 27 ± 4 | PCOS vs. control |
| WANG el al. | China | 2010 | resistin | 46 | 50 | 17–38 | NR | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Sarray el al. | Bahrain | 2015 | resistin | 211 | 215 | 28.6 ± 6.1 | 27.5 ± 7 | PCOS vs. control |
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Yasar NAWAZ | Pakistan | 2020 | resistin | 40 | 7 | 24.20 ± 4.762 | 22.30 ± 3.517 | PCOS vs. control |
| Bertha Pangaribuan | Indonesia | 2011 | resistin | 24 | 18 | 20–40 | 22.2 ± 2.1 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| GUVEN | Turkey | 2010 | resistin | 22 | 16 | 15.2 ± 1 | 15.1 ± 1 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| M. Erkan | Turkey | 2014 | resistin | 28 | 28 | 22 ± 3.75 | 24 ± 4 | PCOS vs. control |
| Christian Obirikorang | Ghana | 2019 | resistin | 104 | 52 | 32.85 ± 4.25 | 31.63 ± 4.88 | PCOS vs. control |
| Nikolaos Spanos | Greece | 2012 | resistin | 60 | 48 | 25.4 ± 6.2 | 30.6 ± 6.3 | PCOS vs. control |
| Baldani | Croatia | 2019 | resistin | 151 | 95 | 26.5 ± 6 | 26.4 ± 2.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Behboudi-Gandevani | Iran | 2017 | resistin | 104 | 58 | 29.4 ± 5.3 | 31.8 ± 5.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Mohd Ashraf Ganie | India | 2019 | resistin | 62 | 141 | 26.13 ± 4.43 | 26.57 ± 4.11 | PCOS vs. control |
| Farshchian | Iran | 2014 | resistin | 40 | 40 | 28.3 ± 5.1 | 28.3 ± 4.8 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Atheer Mahde | Iraq | 2009 | resistin | 60 | 30 | 26.45 ± 4.65 | 28.87 ± 3.27 | PCOS vs. control |
| Nadine M. P. Daan | Netherland | 2016 | resistin | 68 | 64 | 28.5 ± 2.25 | 34.5 ± 1.75 | PCOS vs. control |
| Korczala | Poland | 2008 | resistin | 40 | 20 | 22 ± 2.5 | 21 ± 2.3 | PCOS vs. control |
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Hung Shen | Taiwan | 2015 | resistin | 165 | 165 | 27 ± 5.7 | 28.6 ± 6.9 | PCOS vs. control |
| Baranova | USA | 2013 | resistin | 12 | 12 | 35.2 ± 9.60 | 37.6 ± 10.0 | PCOS vs. control |
| Çapoğlu | Turkey | 2009 | resistin | 45 | 20 | 23.8 ± 5 | 23.2 ± 3.25 | PCOS vs. control |
| Carmina | Italy | 2005 | resistin | 52 | 45 | 25.2 ± 1 | 25.1 ± 0.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| DİKMEN | TURKEY | 2010 | resistin | 55 | 49 | 23.72 ± 6.15 | 23.75 ± 4.5 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| WANG | China | 2012 | resistin | 70 | 35 | 26.1 ± 5.2 | 26.8 ± 4.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Yılmaz | Turkey | 2005 | resistin | 40 | 20 | 46.38 ± 7.95 | 48.12 ± 9.02 | PCOS vs. control |
| Munir | USA | 2005 | resistin | 45 | 74 | 30 ± 5.366 | 31.6 ±7.74 | PCOS vs. control |
| Geva el al. | Israel | 2001 | follistatin | 44 | 62 | 29.4 ± 1 | 30.5 ± 1.2 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Chen el al. | Taiwan | 2012 | follistatin | 239 | 38 | 26.9 ±0.5 | 26.3 ± 2.1 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Obese PCOS vs. none-obese PCOS | ||||||||
| Teede el al. | Australia | 2013 | follistatin | 51 | 25 | 32.6 ± 0.8 | 36.4 ± 1.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| Obese PCOS vs. obese control | ||||||||
| Norman el al. | Australia | 2001 | follistatin | 108 | 20 | 33.9 ± 1.2 | 29.4 ± 0.5 | PCOS vs. control |
| Shen el al. | China | 2004 | follistatin | 35 | 26 | 26.9 ± 3.8 | 28.1 ± 3.5 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Chen el al. | Taiwan | 2009 | follistatin | 155 | 37 | 24.5 ± 0.41 | 33.5 ± 0.45 | PCOS vs. control |
| None-obese PCOS vs. None-obese control | ||||||||
| Köninger | Germany | 2018 | follistatin | 32 | 25 | 30 ± 4.93 | 31.64 ± 4.7 | PCOS vs. control |
| Adnan Kensara | Saudi Arabia | 2018 | follistatin | 63 | 65 | 31.6 ± 6.4 | 30.4 ± 5.2 | PCOS vs. control |
| Suganthi | India | 2010 | follistatin | 88 | 30 | NR | NR | PCOS vs. control |
NR: Not reported