TABLE 4.
Risk ratios (crude and adjusteda) for the association between self-reported drinking at second patient-reported outcomes assessment (columns) and viral non-suppression, stratified by self-reported drinking at first patient-reported outcomes assessment (rows), across 41,335 person-periods contributed by 10,080 unique patients engaged in care in CNICS, 2010-2018
| Decrease in alcohol consumption | No change | Increase in alcohol consumption | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-drinker | Low-risk, no binge | Low-risk, binge | High-risk | Low-risk, no binge | Low-risk, binge | High-risk | ||
| Crude | ||||||||
| Overall | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | - | - | - | - | 1. | 1.16 (1.02, 1.31) | 1.38 (1.16, 1.64) | 1.89 (1.24, 2.90) |
| Low-risk, no binge | 1.21 (1.05, 1.40) | 1.06 (0.91, 1.22) | 1. | 1.05 (0.92, 1.21) | 1.21 (1.05, 1.40) | 1.05 (0.67, 1.66) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 1.26 (0.99, 1.60) | 1.18 (0.98, 1.41) | 1.18 (0.98, 1.41) | 1. | 1.14 (0.96, 1.35) | 1.28 (1.00, 1.65) | ||
| High-risk | 1.15 (0.67, 1.98) | 0.98 (0.57, 1.69) | 0.89 (0.63, 1.27) | 1.01 (0.67, 1.51) | 1. | 1.14 (0.78, 1.67) | ||
| Men | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 1. | 1.21 (1.05, 1.40) | 1.36 (1.11, 1.67) | 1.95 (1.15, 3.31) | ||||
| Low-risk, no binge | 1.29 (1.10, 1.52) | 1.11 (0.95, 1.29) | 1. | 1.12 (0.96, 1.30) | 1.26 (1.08, 1.47) | 0.81 (0.40, 1.62) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 1.26 (0.98, 1.62) | 1.15 (0.95, 1.40) | 1.18 (0.98, 1.43) | 1. | 1.14 (0.96, 1.37) | 1.27 (0.96, 1.68) | ||
| High-risk | 1.13 (0.58, 2.21) | 0.93 (0.47, 1.83) | 0.93 (0.62, 1.40) | 0.97 (0.61, 1.56) | 1. | 1.15 (0.73, 1.80) | ||
| Women | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 1. | 1.01 (0.80, 1.29) | 1.49 (1.09, 2.03) | 1.75 (0.87, 3.49) | ||||
| Low-risk, no binge | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25) | 0.90 (0.64, 1.26) | 1. | 0.83 (0.59, 1.15) | 1.03 (0.74, 1.44) | 1.15 (0.60, 2.19) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 1.14 (0.64, 2.04) | 1.22 (0.75, 1.98) | 1.13 (0.71, 1.81) | 1. | 1.05 (0.63, 1.76) | 1.17 (0.67, 2.04) | ||
| High-risk | 1.38 (0.48, 3.95) | 1.13 (0.41, 3.15) | 1.09 (0.49, 2.44) | 1.12 (0.46, 2.72) | 1. | 1.26 (0.55, 2.87) | ||
| Adjusteda | ||||||||
| Overall | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 1. | 1.16 (1.03, 1.32) | 1.35 (1.11, 1.63) | 1.89 (1.16, 3.08) | ||||
| Low-risk, no binge | 1.00 (0.85, 1.17) | 0.99 (0.85, 1.16) | 1. | 1.00 (0.86, 1.15) | 1.11 (0.95, 1.30) | 0.67 (0.34, 1.32) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 0.95 (0.73, 1.24) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.19) | 1.03 (0.85, 1.24) | 1. | 1.01 (0.85, 1.22) | 0.96 (0.72, 1.26) | ||
| High-risk | 0.79 (0.36, 1.73) | 0.65 (0.28, 1.49) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.37) | 0.78 (0.41, 1.47) | 1. | 0.93 (0.51, 1.68) | ||
| Men | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 1. | 1.21 (1.04, 1.41) | 1.33 (1.06, 1.67) | 1.68 (0.87, 3.23) | ||||
| Low-risk, no binge | 1.05 (0.88, 1.26) | 1.03 (0.87, 1.21) | 1. | 1.05 (0.89, 1.24) | 1.14 (0.96, 1.36) | 0.58 (0.21, 1.62) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 0.95 (0.71, 1.26) | 0.97 (0.79, 1.18) | 1.03 (0.85, 1.26) | 1. | 1.02 (0.85, 1.23) | 0.96 (0.70, 1.30) | ||
| High-risk | 0.96 (0.42, 2.19) | 0.70 (0.28, 1.76) | 0.88 (0.52, 1.49) | 0.88 (0.48, 1.60) | 1. | 1.05 (0.60, 1.82) | ||
| Women | ||||||||
| Non-drinker | 1. | 1.06 (0.82, 1.36) | 1.39 (0.95, 2.05) | 1.95 (0.72, 5.32) | ||||
| Low-risk, no binge | 0.83 (0.59, 1.16) | 0.86 (0.60, 1.23) | 1. | 0.77 (0.53, 1.10) | 0.97 (0.68, 1.38) | 1.10 (0.44, 2.74) | ||
| Low-risk, binge | 1.00 (0.49, 2.02) | 1.05 (0.60, 1.86) | 0.98 (0.55, 1.75) | 1. | 0.96 (0.52, 1.75) | 0.96 (0.50, 1.85) | ||
| High-risk | 1.57 (0.21, 11.66) | 0.81 (0.12, 5.53) | 0.88 (0.16, 4.71) | 1.03 (0.19, 5.62) | 1. | 1.18 (0.22, 6.48) | ||
Abbreviations: CNICS, Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FIB-4, Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis; IDU, injection drug use; MSM, men who have sex with men; VACS, Veterans Aging Cohort Study
Adjustment for sex; race/ethnicity; MSM, IDU; calendar year; CNICS clinic; modified VACS index (a function of age, CD4 cell count, hemoglobin, FIB-4, eGFR, and hepatitis C viral infection); recent and prior cocaine and opioid use; panic symptoms; depressive symptoms; and current smoking