Table 5.

Overview of studies and their test statistics for intraoperative screw position assessment

Study	Year	No. of screws	Device	Compared to	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
Rao [40]	2002	155	CT	Open dissection	86	85	95	62
Santos [17]	2012	416	O-arm	Open dissection	76	71	74	72
Garber [16]	2012	73	O-arm	CT	85	97	82	98
Nevzati [10]	2017	241	Allura FD20	CT	71–92	77–99
Cordemans [39]	2017	348	Artis Zeego II	CT	77	98	86	96
Current study	2019	260	Allura ARSN	CT	90	98	60	100

ARSN augmented reality surgical navigation, CBCT cone beam computed tomography, CT computed tomography, NPV negative predictive value, PPV positive predictive value