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. 2021 Mar 19;6:14. doi: 10.1038/s41536-021-00122-6

Fig. 2. Overview of three levels of MSC heterogeneity.

Fig. 2

The heterogeneity of MSCs is inherent among donors, tissues and cell populations. The cytological function of MSCs from different donors is not identical. In addition, MSCs from different tissue sources are also quite different from each other in their cellular properties, such as proliferation, multiple differentiation and immunoregulation abilities. Moreover, MSCs from the same tissue are heterogeneous that not all of them share the same cellular functions.