Fig. 5. Combination immunotherapy controls tumor growth in humanized mice with multiple PDAC tumors.

a CFPAC-1 cells were transplanted into the right and left flanks of humanized mice (n = 5 animals). A total of 1 × 10⁷ vp of CAdTrio (OAd:HD = 1:1) were injected into the right tumor. A total of 1 × 10⁶ HER2.CARTs expressing ffLuc were systemically administered 3 days post injection of CAdTrio. Tumor volumes were monitored at different time points. b Bioluminescence of HER2.CARTs was monitored at different time points. Data are presented as means ± SD. c CFPAC-1 tumors were harvested from humanized mice at 31 days post injection of CAdTrio, and tumor infiltrating human immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Box plot elements: central line, median; box limit, upper and lower quartiles; whisker, 1.5x inter-quartile range; points, outliers. P-values were determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons, p = 0.0009 (F(3,16) = 9.252), p < 0.01 (F(3,16) = 6.426). Statistical significance set at p < 0.05, ns > 0.05. Total RNA was extracted from whole tumor at 31 days post injection of CAdTrio. Gene expression was profiled with Nanostring, differential gene expression compared to control tumors (d) and compared to single agents (e) are shown. Abbreviations: s.c. subcutaneous, i.t. intratumoral, i.v. intravenous.