Table. Description of Cohort by Injury Groupa.
| Characteristic | No. (%)b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild TBI (n = 155) | Complicated mild/moderate (n = 162) | Severe TBI (n = 90) | Orthopedic (n = 152) | Overall (N = 559) | |
| Enrollment site: Texas | 62 (40) | 66 (41) | 37 (41) | 69 (45) | 234 (42) |
| Age at injury, y | |||||
| 2-5 | 61 (39) | 57 (35) | 30 (33) | 62 (41) | 210 (38) |
| 6-11 | 49 (32) | 55 (34) | 32 (36) | 46 (30) | 182 (33) |
| 12-15 | 45 (29) | 50 (31) | 28 (31) | 44 (29) | 167 (30) |
| Girls | 59 (38) | 62 (38) | 24 (27) | 58 (38) | 203 (36) |
| Boys | 96 (62) | 100 (62) | 66 (73) | 94 (62) | 356 (64) |
| Preferred language, Spanish | 20 (13) | 10 (6) | 14 (16) | 24 (16) | 68 (12) |
| Child race/ethnicity | |||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 38 (25) | 34 (21) | 30 (34) | 49 (32) | 151 (27) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 91 (59) | 105 (66) | 50 (57) | 82 (54) | 328 (59) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 14 (9) | 9 (6) | 6 (7) | 11 (7) | 40 (7) |
| Non-Hispanic otherc | 11 (7) | 12 (8) | 2 (2) | 9 (6) | 34 (6) |
| Income relative to poverty level, mean (SD) | 2.8 (2.1) | 3.1 (1.9) | 2.4 (1.6) | 2.7 (2.0) | 2.8 (1.9) |
| McMaster family functioning, mean (SD) scored | 1.5 (0.5) | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.5) |
| Social Capital Index, mean (SD) scoree | 3.5 (1.1) | 3.5 (1.0) | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.5 (1.1) | 3.5 (1.0) |
| Preexisting attention or learning problems | 19 (12) | 19 (12) | 13 (14) | 11 (7) | 62 (11) |
| Injury mechanism | |||||
| Assault | 0 | 2 (1) | 0 | 0 | 2 (0) |
| Pedestrian or bicycle | 23 (15) | 19 (12) | 16 (18) | 7 (5) | 65 (12) |
| Motorized vehicle | 37 (24) | 41 (25) | 53 (59) | 10 (7) | 141 (25) |
| Fall | 70 (45) | 79 (49) | 11 (12) | 114 (75) | 274 (49) |
| Struck by or against | 13 (8) | 12 (7) | 5 (6) | 8 (5) | 38 (7) |
| Organized sport | 10 (6) | 4 (2) | 2 (2) | 11 (7) | 27 (5) |
| Other | 2 (1) | 5 (3) | 3 (3) | 2 (1) | 12 (2) |
| Lowest ED GCS after resuscitation, median (IQR) | 15 (15-15) | 15 (14-15) | 3 (3-6) | NA | 15 (10-15) |
| Head and neck AIS, median (IQR) | 1 (1-2) | 3 (3-3) | 4 (3-5) | 0 (0-0) | 2 (0-3) |
| Other area injured aside from head | 76 (49) | 123 (76) | 82 (91) | 152 (100) | 433 (77) |
| Max AIS excluding head, median (IQR) | 0 (0-2) | 1 (1-1) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (2-3) | 2 (1-2) |
Abbreviations: AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; ED, emergency department; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; IQR, interquartile range; Max, maximum; NA, not available; TBI, traumatic brain injury.
Missing values were excluded from summary statistics as follows: child race/ethnicity (n = 6), income relative to poverty level (n = 39), Social Capital Index (n = 14), preexisting attention or learning problems (n = 1).
Values are expressed as No. (%) unless otherwise specified.
Non-Hispanic other includes African American, American Indian, Pacific Islander, Asian, and those reporting mixed race.
Using the McMaster Family Assessment Device–General Functioning Scale; scores range from 1 to 4, with higher scores representing worse functioning.
Social Capital Index scores range from 1 to 5, with higher scores representing more support.