Fig. 1.

TDP-43 is S-nitrosylated in cultured neuronal cells. (A) S-nitrosylation of TDP-43 in primary rat cerebrocortical neurons. Neurons were exposed to the NO donor SNOC (200 μM), and S-nitrosylation of TDP-43 (SNO-TDP-43) was assessed by biotin-switch assay. Samples without MMTS (w/o MMTS) or ascorbate (w/o Asc) served as positive and negative controls, respectively. (B) S-nitrosylation of TDP-43 by endogenous NO in HEK-nNOS cells. HEK-nNOS cells were incubated with calcium ionophore A23187 (5 μM) to activate nNOS (n = 3). (C) S-nitrosylation of TDP-43 by endogenous NO upon NMDA receptor stimulation. Primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to 50 μM NMDA (n = 4). Graphs indicate mean + SEM; *P = 0.0164 (B), 0.0494 (C, control vs. NMDA), and 0.0282 (C, NMDA vs. NMDA [w/o Asc]) by two-tailed Student’s t test.