Oral administration of Qing-Dai induces PH in rats in combination with hypoxia. (A) Experimental protocol for examining the effect of Qing-Dai–containing diet in combination with hypoxia on PH phenotype in rats (Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx rats). Qing-Dai–containing diet (3 g/kg/d) or control diet was fed to rats every day. (B and C) Assessment of Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx rats (normal diet/Nx: n = 5, normal diet/Hx/Nx: n = 8, Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx: n = 8). RVSP (B), Fulton’s index (C). (D) Experimental protocol for examining the effect of Ahr deletion on Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx rats. Qing-Dai–containing diet (3 g/kg/d) was fed to Ahr+/+ or Ahr−/− rats every day. (E and F) Assessment of the effect of Ahr deletion on the PH phenotype of Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx rats (Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx Ahr+/+: n = 6, Qing-Dai/Hx/Nx Ahr−/−: n = 6). RVSP (E), Fulton’s index (F). (G) Experimental protocol for examining the effect of indirubin in combination with hypoxia (Indirubin/Hx/Nx rats). Indirubin or vehicle was subcutaneously administered once on day 0. (H and I) Assessment of Indirubin/Hx/Nx rats (Veh/Hx/Nx: n = 3, Indirubin/Hx/Nx: n = 5). RVSP (H), Fulton’s index (I). (J) Experimental protocol for examining the effect of Ahr deletion on Indirubin/Hx/Nx rats. (K and L) Assessment of Indirubin/Hx/Nx rats (Indirubin/Hx/Nx Ahr+/+: n = 5, Indirubin/Hx/Nx Ahr−/−: n = 6). RVSP (K), Fulton’s index (L). Values are means ± SD; ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05.