Table 2.
Patients’ characteristics by tertiles of S1P on day 1
| S1P (ng/mL) | Lowest tertile range: 15.7–73.2 (124) |
Middle tertile range: 73.4–103.3 (124) |
Highest tertile range: 103.4–358.0 (127) |
p* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
SYN-1 (ng/mL) |
|||||
| Day 1 | Median [IQR] | 229 [95–401] | 222 [95–515] | 144 [84–316] | 0.02 |
| Day 2 | Median [IQR] | 547 [287–1157] | 427 [241–998] | 339 [206–598] | 0.002 |
| Day 7 | Median [IQR] | 650 [346–1086] | 511 [254–1027] | 337 [242–689] | 0.001 |
|
VE-cadherin (ng/mL) |
|||||
| Day 1 | Median [IQR] | 1674 [1250–2172] | 1685 [1338–2239] | 1714 [1367–2191] | 0.58 |
| Day 2 | Median [IQR] | 1819 [1489–2330] | 1742 [1359–2330] | 1706 [1460–2158] | 0.79 |
| Day 7 | Median [IQR] | 1872 [1614–2356] | 1860 [1518–2331] | 1819 [1506–2319] | 0.85 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | No. (%) | 60 (48.4%) | 56 (45.2%) | 48 (37.8%) | 0.22 |
| Age (year) | Mean ± SD | 67.2 ± 13.9 | 69.9 ± 14.4 | 68.9 ± 13.1 | 0.13 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | Mean ± SD | 25.8 ± 5.3 | 27.8 ± 6.6 | 26.4 ± 5.0 | 0.04 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | Mean ± SD | 72.4 ± 14.0 | 71.7 11.7 | 74.7 ± 13.4 | 0.13 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | Mean ± SD | 109 ± 22 | 103 ± 20 | 103 ± 22 | 0.03 |
| Urine output (mL/h) | Median[IQR] | 60 [30–100] | 50 [20–100] | 70 [36–120] | 0.05 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | Mean ± SD | 11.1 ± 1.6 | 11.0 ± 1.8 | 11.0 ± 1.8 | 0.70 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | Median [IQR] | 198 [129–281] | 201 [130–275] | 202 [140–298] | 0.41 |
| Venous oxygen saturation (%) | Mean ± SD | 73.5 ± 9.5 | 72.9 ± 10.3 | 74.1 ± 8.4 | 0.87 |
| Central venous pressure (mmHg) | Mean ± SD | 10.5 ± 7.1 | 11.1 ± 4.2 | 11.0 ± 4.9 | 0.63 |
| Ventilatory support needed | No. (%) | 107 (86.3%) | 115 (92.7%) | 110 (86.6%) | 0.20 |
| Cardiovascular pathologies | No. (%) | 17 (13.7%) | 26 (21.0%) | 24 (18.9%) | 0.31 |
| Hepatic insufficiency | No. (%) | 4 (3.2%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0 | 0.13 |
| Immunocompromised | No. (%) | 24 (19.4%) | 13 (10.5%) | 11 (8.7%) | 0.03 |
| Renal insufficiency | No. (%) | 3 (2.4%) | 3 (2.4%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0.87 |
| COPD | No. (%) | 9 (7.3%) | 18 (14.5%) | 18 (14.2%) | 0.14 |
|
Baseline SOFA score > 2 |
|||||
| Cardiovascular | No. (%) | 124 (100%) | 124 (100%) | 127 (100%) | - |
| Coagulation | No. (%) | 18 (14.8%) | 11 (8.9%) | 3 (2.4%) | 0.002 |
| Liver | No. (%) | 4 (3.5%) | 4 (3.3%) | 3 (2.5%) | 0.88 |
| Kidney | No. (%) | 29 (24.2%) | 33 (26.6%) | 22 (17.5%) | 0.20 |
| Respiratory | No. (%) | 55 (45.5%) | 57 (46.3%) | 54 (43.2%) | 0.88 |
| Dead at 90 days | No. (%) | 45 (36.3%) | 50 (40.3%) | 46 (36.2%) | 0.75 |
SYN-1, syndecan-1; S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment
*p value for Kruskal–Wallis or Chi2 to compare S1P tertiles