Table 3.
Binary and multiple logistic analysis of factors associated with very early ED mortality from March 2018–2020, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| Variables | Duration in ED | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-24 h | > 24-72 h | P-value | COR 95% CI | P-value | AOR 95% CI | ||
| Age | 13–24 | 42 | 34 | 0.56 | 0.83 (0.44,1.56) | ||
| 25–54 | 148 | 119 | 0.45 | 0.83 (0.5,1.36) | |||
| 55–64 | 44 | 40 | 0.82 | 0.93 (0.50,1.72) | |||
| > 65 | 40 | 39 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Sex | Male | 153 | 114 | 0.13 | 0.76 (0.49,1.19)* | 0.29 | 0.80 (0.53,1.20) |
| Female | 121 | 118 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Residence | Addis Ababa | 107 | 100 | 0.06 | 1.02 (0.99,3.37)* | 0.01 | 2.78 (1.36,5.68)** |
| Oromia | 84 | 87 | 0.03 | 2.02 (1.08,3.78)* | 0.001 | 3.23 (1.58,6.54)** | |
| Amhara | 40 | 21 | 0.96 | 1.02 (0.48,2.2) | 0.76 | 1.14 (0.48,2.70) | |
| Tigray | 6 | 5 | 0.47 | 1.62 (0.44,6.01) | 0.1 | 3.79 (0.78,18.34) | |
| Others | 37 | 19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Triage category | Red | 153 | 72 | 0.003 | 0.32 (0.15,0.67)* | 0.001 | 0.24 (0.10,0.55)** |
| Orange | 78 | 104 | 0.81 | 0.91 (0.43,1.96) | 0.51 | 0.75 (0.33,1.74) | |
| Yellow | 29 | 38 | 0.80 | 0.9 (0.38,2.11) | 0.26 | 0.58 (0.22,1.50) | |
| Green | 14 | 18 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Mode of transportation | Ambulance | 63 | 46 | 0.98 | 0.99 (0.52,1.89) | ||
| Taxi | 135 | 138 | 0.26 | 1.39 (0.79,2.45) | |||
| Public transport | 8 | 4 | 0.56 | 0.68 (0.18,2.51) | |||
| Private car | 34 | 19 | 0.48 | 0.76 (0.35,1.63) | |||
| Walk-in/carried | 34 | 25 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Source of referral | Private hospital | 3 | 9 | 0.18 | 4.5 (0.49,41.25)* | 0.13 | 6.82 (0.55,84.04) |
| Public hospital | 69 | 67 | 0.69 | 1.46 (0.24,6.98) | 0.33 | 2.89 (0.35,23.98) | |
| Private clinic | 6 | 7 | 0.60 | 1.75 (0.22,14.22) | 0.47 | 2.43 (0.22,26.41) | |
| Health center | 7 | 5 | 0.95 | 1.07 (0.13,8.98) | 0.73 | 1.54 (0.14,17.21) | |
| Self | 156 | 102 | 0.98 | 0.98 (0.16,5.97) | 0.55 | 1.91 (0.23,15.62) | |
| ROPD | 30 | 40 | 0.46 | 2.0 (0.31,12.72) | 0.36 | 2.71 (0.32,23.03) | |
| Others | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Previous ED visit with in last 30 days | No ED visits | 226 | 209 | 0.22 | 2.77 (0.55,13.9)* | 0.45 | 2.56 (0.46,14.2) |
| 1 | 42 | 21 | 0.64 | 1.50 (0.28,8.08) | 0.97 | 1.43 (0.24,8.58) | |
| ≥2 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Duration of symptoms | < 4 h | 32 | 17 | 0.02 | 0.45 (0.22,0.89) | 0.33 | 0.66 (0.29,1.50) |
| 4–24 h | 89 | 39 | 0.00 | 0.35 (0.21,0.50)* | 0.02 | 0.47 (0.26,0.87)** | |
| 25–48 h | 40 | 41 | 0.60 | 0.86 (0.49,1.52) | 0.57 | 1.22 (0.62,2.42) | |
| > 48–1 week | 60 | 74 | 0.9 | 1.34 (0.63,1.71) | 0.51 | 1.21 (0.68,2.15) | |
| > 1 week | 53 | 61 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Major cause of death | Traumatic | 20 | 17 | 0.99 | 1.00 (0.51,1.97) | ||
| Non-traumatic | 254 | 215 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Co-morbid disease | Hypertension | 25 | 16 | 0.11 | 0.5(.0.21,1.18)* | 0.83 | 1.09 (0.50,2.36) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10 | 7 | 0.36 | 1.73 (0.53,5.62) | |||
| Cardiac disease | 40 | 30 | 0.16 | 0.61 (0.30,1.22)* | 0.66 | 0.84 (0.27,2.63) | |
| Cancer | 96 | 80 | 0.65 | 0.89 (0.54,1.46) | |||
| Hematologic malignancy | 14 | 5 | 0.07 | 0.29 (0.08,1.12)* | 0.76 | 0.84 (0.27,2.63) | |
| HIV AIDS | 8 | 18 | 0.08 | 2.91 (0.88,9.63)* | 0.05 | 2.72 (1.01,7.30)** | |
| Asthma | 3 | 7 | 0.30 | 2.09 (0.51,8.54) | 0.80 | 0.72 (0.27,3.25) | |
| Others | 17 | 37 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Time f death | Day time | 145 | 119 | 0.72 | 1.07 (0.75,1.52) | ||
| Night time | 129 | 113 | 1 | 1 | |||
COR = *P < 0.25; AOR** = P < 0.05