Fig. 3.

Relative expression^‡ of aquaporins in roots of young Calotropis procera plants under salinity conditions (200 mM NaCl) in a greenhouse assay. A–F Intrinsic plasma membrane proteins—PIPs. G–M Tonoplast intrinsic proteins—TIPs (–) Dashed line indicates the limit between the positive (above the line) and negative (below the line) regulation of expression. Values followed by * indicate significant differences between treatments (Control and Salinity) by the Fixed Paired Reallocation Randomization test (p < 0.05). ^‡ Relative expression was calculated using the formula: E (ΔCq aquaporin)/ E (ΔCq reference genes), where E represents the average efficiency for each transcript (aquaporin and reference genes), ΔCq is the difference between mean Cq-value of each control sample and the mean Cq-value of each treated sample