Table 3:
Adjusted Pooled Odds Ratios for the Association Between Offspring Sex and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Among Parous Women with Only Singleton Births in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (Australia, Europe, and North America), 1989–2010
| Controls | All Cancers | HGSOC | Mucinous | Clear cell | Endometriod | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N(%) | Cases, n (%) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) | Cases, n (%) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) | Cases, n (%) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) | Cases, n (%) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) | Cases, n (%) | Adjusted OR1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) | |
| Gave birth to a boy | ||||||||||||||||
| Never | 1959 (21.5) | 1478 (21.5) | ref | ref | 548 (20.4) | ref | ref | 147 (20.0) | ref | ref | 88 (23.7) | ref | ref | 181 (23.4) | ref | ref |
| Ever | 7142 (78.5) | 5394 (78.5) | 1.05 (0.96, 1.14) | 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) | 2135 (79.6) | 1.06 (0.94, 1.20) | 1.03 (0.87, 1.22) | 587 (80.0) | 1.25 (1.02, 1.54) | 1.45 (1.01, 2.07) | 283 (76.3) | 1.14 (0.87, 1.49) | 1.06 (0.70, 1.61) | 593 (76.6) | 1.03. (0.85, 1.25) | 1.06 (0.78, 1.44) |
| Gave birth to all boys | ||||||||||||||||
| No | 7077 (77.8) | 5257 (76.5) | ref | ref | 2133 (79.5) | ref | ref | 521 (71.0) | ref | ref | 269 (72.5) | ref | ref | 589 (76.1) | ref | ref |
| Yes | 2024 (22.2) | 1615 (23.5) | 0.99 (0.91, 1.08) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.16) | 550 (20.5) | 0.91 (0.81, 1.02) | 0.96 (0.82, 1.13) | 213 (29.0) | 1.29 (1.07, 1.55) | 1.35 (0.99, 1.84) | 102 (27.5) | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.90 (0.60, 1.35) | 185 (23.9) | 0.93 (0.77, 1.13) | 0.80 (0.58, 1.10) |
| Number of boys | ||||||||||||||||
| No boy | 1959 (21.5) | 1478 (21.5) | ref | ref | 548 (20.4) | ref | ref | 147 (20.0) | ref | ref | 88 (23.7) | ref | ref | 181 (23.4) | ref | ref |
| 1 boy | 3826 (42.0) | 2910 (42.3) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) | 1.05 (0.92, 1.20) | 1130 (42.1) | 1.08 (0.95, 1.22) | 1.04 (0.87, 1.24) | 309 (42.1) | 1.16 (0.93, 1.44) | 1.31 (0.90, 1.91) | 186 (50.1) | 1.20 (0.91, 1.57) | 1.19 (0.78, 1.82) | 339 (43.8) | 1.03. (0.84, 1.26) | 1.07 (0.78, 1.48) |
| 2 boys | 2244 (24.7) | 1723 (25.1) | 1.09 (0.98, 1.21) | 1.12 (0.96, 1.31) | 683 (25.5) | 1.05 (0.90, 1.22) | 1.05 (0.86, 1.29) | 193 (26.3) | 1.56 (1.20, 2.02) | 1.84 (1.18, 2.87) | 74 (20.0) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.42) | 0.70 (0.39, 1.24) | 195 (25.2) | 1.10 (0.86, 1.41) | 1.11 (0.75, 1.64) |
| 3 or more boys | 1072 (11.8) | 761 (11.1) | 0.99 (0.86, 1.15) | 0.93 (0.75, 1.16) | 322 (12.0) | 0.95 (0.77, 1.16) | 0.86 (0.65, 1.13) | 85 (11.6) | 1.55 (1.08, 2.23) | 2.31 (1.24, 4.29) | 23 (6.2) | 0.75 (0.43, 1.31) | 0.75 (0.34, 1.67) | 59 (7.6) | 0.68 (0.47, 1.00) | 0.54 (0.29, 1.02) |
| P for Trend | 0.90 | 0.65 | 0.56 | 0.32 | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.24 | 0.28 | 0.08 | 0.07 | ||||||
| Continuous3 | ||||||||||||||||
| number of boys | 9101 (100.0) | 6872 (100.0) | 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) | 0.91 0.87, 0.96) | 2683 (100.0) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) | 0.93 (0.87, 0.99) | 734 (100.0) | 1.03 (0.95, 1.11) | 1.02 (0.88, 1.17) | 371 (100.0) | 0.70 (0.62, 0.80) | 0.73 (0.60, 0.88) | 774 (100.0) | 0.81. (0.74, 0.88) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) |
| number of girls | 9101 (100.0) | 6872 (100.0) | 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) | 0.91 (0.87, 0.96) | 2683 (100.0) | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) | 0.95 (0.90, 1.02) | 734 (100.0) | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) | 0.80 (0.69, 0.94) | 371 (100.0) | 0.73 (0.64, 0.82) | 0.81 (0.67, 0.98) | 774 (100.0) | 0.85. (0.78, 0.92) | 0.88 (0.77, 1.00) |
| Fraction of births that were boys,4 per 25% increase | 9101 (100.0) | 6872 (100.0) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.04) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) | 2683 (100.0) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.03) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.04) | 734 (100.0) | 1.09 (1.03, 1.16) | 1.13 (1.03, 1.24) | 371 (100.0) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.98 (0.87, 1.09) | 774 (100.0) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) |
| Stratified by number of birth episodes5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Among with exactly 1 birth | ||||||||||||||||
| Girl | 742 (49.7) | 651 (48.0) | ref | ref | 230 (52.0) | ref | ref | 71 (42.8) | ref | ref | 45 (43.7) | ref | ref | 75 (43.4) | ref | ref |
| Boy | 751 (50.3) | 705 (52.0) | 1.02 (0.88, 1.20) | 1.11 (0.87, 1.41) | 212 (48.0) | 0.96 (0.76, 1.20) | 1.06 (0.77, 1.47) | 95 (57.2) | 1.22 (0.86, 1.72) | 1.31 (0.73, 2.34) | 58 (56.3) | 1.22 (0.80, 1.86) | 1.58 (0.79, 3.15) | 98 (56.6) | 1.27 (0.91, 1.78) | 0.98 (0.56, 1.69) |
| Among women with exacly 2 births | ||||||||||||||||
| No boy | 873 (23.9) | 558 (21.2) | ref | ref | 217 (21.4) | ref | ref | 56 (19.4) | ref | ref | 29 (19.5) | ref | ref | 76 (24.4) | ref | ref |
| 1 boy | 1924 (52.6) | 1423 (54.1) | 1.14 (1.00, 1.30) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.25) | 564 (55.6) | 1.20 (1.00, 1.44) | 1.01 (0.78, 1.30) | 146 (50.7) | 1.16 (0.83, 1.61) | 1.27 (0.71, 2.25) | 87 (58.4) | 1.30 (0.84, 2.01) | 1.00 (0.52, 1.90) | 166 (53.4) | 0.99. (0.74, 1.33) | 1.12 (0.69, 1.81) |
| 2 boys | 862 (23.6) | 651 (24.7) | 1.15 (0.99, 1.35) | 1.12 (0.89, 1.40) | 233 (23.0) | 1.07 (0.86, 1.33) | 1.01 (0.75, 1.36) | 86 (29.9) | 1.58 (1.10, 2.28) | 1.89 (1.02, 3.52) | 33 (22.1) | 1.15 (0.69, 1.93) | 0.61 (0.27, 1.42) | 69 (22.2) | 0.92 (0.65, 1.32) | 0.92 (0.51, 1.64) |
| P for trend | 0.07 | 0.35 | 0.56 | 0.95 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.59 | 0.26 | 0.66 | 0.77 | ||||||
| Among women with exactly 3 births | ||||||||||||||||
| No boy | 262 (11.5) | 209 (12.6) | ref | ref | 79 (11.4) | ref | ref | 15 (9.3) | ref | ref | 12 (15.6) | ref | ref | 24 (13.7) | ref | ref |
| 1 boy | 822 (36.0) | 562 (33.8) | 0.86 (0.69, 1.08) | 0.91 (0.66, 1.27) | 250 (36.1) | 1.02 (0.75, 1.37) | 1.06 (0.69, 1.62) | 53 (32.9) | 1.21 (0.65, 2.26) | 2.08 (0.59, 7.35) | 28 (36.4) | 0.71 (0.35, 1.42) | 0.82 (0.27, 2.51) | 54 (30.9) | 0.72 (0.42, 1.22) | 0.76 (0.32, 1.73) |
| 2 boys | 874 (38.3) | 682 (41.0) | 0.97 (0.78, 1.20) | 0.97 (0.70, 1.34) | 277 (40.0) | 1.03 (0.77, 1.39) | 1.10 (0.72, 1.66) | 68 (42.2) | 1.52 (0.83, 2.81) | 2.33 (0.67, 8.09) | 27 (35.1) | 0.66 (0.33, 1.34) | 0.54 (0.17, 1.71) | 82 (46.9) | 1.00 (0.60, 1.65) | 0.97 (0.44, 2.15) |
| 3 boys | 324 (14.2) | 211 (12.7) | 0.82 (0.63, 1.06) 0.23 | 0.79 (0.54, 1.18) 0.31 | 87 (12.6) | 0.89 (0.62, 1.29) 0.57 | 0.92 (0.55, 1.52) 0.78 | 25 (15.5) | 1.44 (0.72, 2.89) 0.22 | 2.59 (0.66, 10.10) 0.16 | 10 (13.0) | 0.63 (0.26, 1.50) 0.28 | 0.55 (0.13, 2.22) 0.31 | 15 (8.6) | 0.43 (0.21, 0.88) 0.05 | 0.33 (0.10, 1.13) 0.11 |
| P for trend | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.57 | 0.78 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.05 | 0.11 | ||||||
1
Adjusted for study sites, age at diagnosis/reference date (continous), race (Black, White, Asian, Other), duration of oral contraceptive use (never, less than 1 years, 1–4 years, 5–9 years, and more than 10 years) and number of full-term pregnancies (1, 2, 3, 4, 5+); Two hundrad twenty three women with missing data in race or oral contraceptive use were excluded from the analysis.
2
Further adjsuted for endometriosis (yes, no), smoking (ever, never), acne or hirsutism or PCOS (yes, no), irrgular periods (yes, no), recent BMI (<18.5, 18.5–24.9, 24.9–30, ≥30), and age at menarche (<13 years, ≥13 years).
3
Models did not adjust for total number of full term pregnancies
4
Models adjust for total number of full term pregnancies as a continous variable
5
Adjusted for study sites, age at diagnosis/reference date (continous), race (Black, White, Asian, Other) and duration of oral contraceptive use (never, less than 1 years, 1–4 years, 5–9 years, and more than 10 years)