Table 1.
Clinical trials of Hedgehog pathway modulators discussed in gastrointestinal disease (data from ClinicalTrials. gov39).
| Drug | Target | Disease indication | Maximum developmental stage | ClinicalTrials.gov identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vismodegib (GDC-0449) | SMO (antagonist) | Metastatic colorectal cancer | Phase II | NCT00636610 |
| Sonidegib (LDE225) | SMO (antagonist) | Certain cancers (including metastatic colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer) | Phase I | NCT01576666 |
| Vismodegib (GDC-0449) | SMO (antagonist) | Advanced stomach cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer | Phase II | NCT00982592 |
| Vitamin D3 | SMO (antagonist) | Stage IV colorectal cancer | Phase II | NCT01074216 |
| TAK-441 | SMO (antagonist) | Advanced nonhematologic malignancies | Phase I | NCT01204073 |
| BMS-833923 | SMO (antagonist) | In inoperable, metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal, or esophageal adenocarcinomas | Phase I | NCT00909402 |
| Curcumin | GLI (antagonist) | Unresectable colorectal cancer | Phase II | NCT02439385 |
| Resveratrol | GLI (antagonist) | Colorectal cancer | Phase I | NCT00433576 |
| Epigallocatechin-3-gallate | GLI (antagonist) | Colorectal cancer | Phase I | NCT02891538 |
SMO, Smoothened; GLI, glioma-associated oncogene homologue.