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. 2021 Mar 8;12:616985. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.616985

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Copyright © 2021 Falk, Kniesburges, Schoder, Jakubaß, Maurerlehner, Echternach, Kaltenbacher and Döllinger.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Symmetric vocal fold motion: velocity magnitude in the midcoronal (xy-plane) and the sagittal (xz-plane) plane for the five GC types at two instances (t₁ = 0 and t₂ = 0.56T) of an oscillation cycle. While GC1 fully interrupts the glottal jet at the end of the cycle, GC2 and GC3 only partly, and GC4 and GC5 do not interrupt the laryngeal fluid flow. (B) Asymmetric vocal fold motion: Velocity magnitude in the midcoronal (xy-plane) and the sagittal (xz-plane) plane for the five GC types at two instances (t₁ = 0 and t₂ = 0.56T) of an oscillation cycle. The upper vocal fold moves with the 50% amplitude and the glottal jet impinges mainly the lower VeF and subsequently, just a vortex in the lower ventricle occurs.