Table 1.
Demographic details of PD patients with or without FOG in this study.
| PD patients with FOG (n = 245) | PD patients without FOG (n = 582) | t /χ2 value | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD)a | 65.76 ± 9.30 | 65.27 ± 8.91 | −0.709 | 0.478 |
| Gender, male(%)b | 57.55% | 52.23% | 1.961 | > 0.05 |
| H-Y stage (mean ± SD)a | 2.78 ± 0.83 | 2.11 ± 0.79 | 0.215 | 0.000 |
| Disease duration (mean ± SD)a | 7.73 ± 5.44 | 4.69 ± 3.94 | −7.896 | 0.000 |
| <5 years (%)b | 42.21% | 70.74% | 73.363 | <0.01 |
| 5–10 years (%) | 31.97% | 21.51% | ||
| 10–15 years (%) | 18.03% | 4.99% | ||
| > 15 years (%) | 7.79% | 2.75% | ||
| Onset age (mean ± SD)a | 58.10 ± 10.50 | 60.58 ± 9.24 | 3.194 | 0.002 |
| <50 years (%)b | 23.67% | 14.60% | 9.638 | <0.01 |
| ≥ 50 years (%) | 76.33% | 85.40% | ||
| PD subtypesb | ||||
| TD (%) | 22.45% | 56.36% | 80.649 | <0.01 |
| PIGD (%) | 61.22% | 35.91% | ||
| IND (%) | 16.33% | 7.73% | ||
| Onset symptomsb | ||||
| Onset side (left, %) | 47.45% | 48.85% | 0.111 | > 0.05 |
| Onset site (lower limbs, %) | 44.81% | 32.46% | 9.063 | <0.01 |
| UPDRS Total scores (mean ± SD)a | 57.26 ± 22.34 | 36.74 ± 19.20 | −12.548 | 0.000 |
| UPDRS I | 4.11 ± 2.50 | 2.77 ± 2.27 | −7.521 | 0.000 |
| UPDRS II | 16.64 ± 6.88 | 9.89 ± 5.38 | −13.690 | 0.000 |
| UPDRS III | 32.85 ± 15.47 | 22.38 ± 12.89 | −9.315 | 0.000 |
| UPDRS IV | 3.26 ± 3.04 | 1.71 ± 2.82 | −6.862 | 0.000 |
| PD motor fluctuations (%)b | 44.49% | 17.70% | 65.569 | <0.01 |
| Dyskinesia (%)b | 23.67% | 4.81% | 65.838 | <0.01 |
| Berg balance scores (mean ± SD)a | 42.11 ± 12.66 | 49.94 ± 7.79 | 8.988 | 0.000 |
| Antiparkinsonian medicationb | ||||
| LD+DA (%) | 56.33% | 48.97% | 3.735 | > 0.05 |
| Levodopa monotherapy (%) | 15.51% | 22.85% | 5.667 | <0.05 |
| DA agonist monotherapy (%) | 2.04% | 8.59% | 10.884 | <0.01 |
| MAOIs (%) | 23.27% | 14.60% | 9.093 | <0.01 |
| Levodopa as initial treatment (%) | 57.60% | 56.70% | 0.186 | > 0.05 |
| DA agonist as initial treatment (%) | 8.57% | 14.78% | 6.094 | <0.05 |
| LDD/day (mean ± SD) | 432.65 ± 264.31 | 319.19 ± 229.15 | −5.834 | 0.000 |
| LEDD/day (mean ± SD) | 514.90 ± 303.70 | 382.92 ± 242.11 | −6.020 | 0.000 |
| HAMA (mean ± SD)a | 10.99 ± 7.41 | 7.59 ± 6.47 | −6.230 | 0.000 |
| HAMD (mean ± SD)a | 15.29 ± 10.29 | 10.58 ± 8.97 | −6.219 | 0.000 |
| MMSE (mean ± SD)a | 25.12 ± 5.27 | 26.63 ± 3.97 | 3.840 | 0.000 |
| PDQ-8 (mean ± SD)a | 8.56 ± 5.33 | 5.29 ± 5.18 | −8.088 | 0.000 |
a
Data were performed for group differences with Student's t-test.
b
Data were performed for group differences with Chi-square test.