Figure 4.
In vitro subculture of B. duncani in hamster erythrocytes after three days exposure with Artemisia annua (A), Scutellaria baicalensis (B), Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (C), artesunate (D), artemether (E), baicalein (F), cryptolepine (G), quinine (H), and clindamycin (I) at their respective concentrations of 1×, 2×, 4×, and 8× IC50 values. The cultures treated with 1% DMSO vehicle were set as control. The growth of the subculture was examined by SYBR Green I assay, and the fluorescence units at day zero were normalized as zero. Asterisks indicate the significant difference (p < 0.05) between the respective treated group and the untreated control. EE, ethanol extract.