Table 1.
Evaluation of a panel of 46 herbal medicines at 0.01% (v/v) for inhibitory activity against B. duncani after 3 days of incubation.
| Product Names | Plants | Inhibition (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese Skullcap (90% EE) | Scutellaria baicalensis | 84 |
| Cryptolepis (90% EE) | Cryptolepis sanguinolenta | 80 |
| Cryptolepis (60% EE) | Cryptolepis sanguinolenta | 70 |
| Chinese Skullcap (60% EE) | Scutellaria baicalensis | 68 |
| Japanese knotweed (60% EE) | Polygonum cuspidatum | 59 |
| Sweet wormwood (30% EE) | Artemisia annua | 58 |
| Alchornea | Alchornea cordifolia | 54 |
| Japanese knotweed (90% EE) | Polygonum cuspidatum | 42 |
| Andrographis (90% EE) | Andrographis paniculata | 37 |
| Andrographis (60% EE) | Andrographis paniculata | 36 |
| Sweet wormwood (60% EE) | Artemisia annua | 35 |
| Andrographis (30% EE) | Andrographis paniculata | 34 |
| Cistus | Cistus incanus | 34 |
| Ashwagandha (30% EE) | Withania somnifera | 33 |
| Hemp oil | Cannabis sativa | 26 |
| Barberry | Berberis vulgaris | 25 |
| Chuan xin lian | Andrographis paniculata | 23 |
| Black walnut (90% EE) | Juglans nigra | 23 |
| Ashwagandha (60% EE) | Withania somnifera | 23 |
| Stevia/Tian ju ye | Stevia rebaudiana fol | 22 |
| Ashwagandha (90% EE) | Withania somnifera | 21 |
| Echinacea | Echinacea purpurea & Echinacea angustifolia | 20 |
| Andrographis | Andrographis paniculata | 19 |
| Licorice | Glycyrrhiza spp. | 19 |
| Grapefruit seed extract | Grapefruit seed | 17 |
| Usnea | Usnea spp. | 17 |
| Eleuthero | Eleutherococcus senticosus | 17 |
| Black walnut (60% EE) | Juglans nigra | 13 |
| Sweet wormwood (90% EE) | Artemisia annua | 13 |
| Gou teng | Uncaria rhynchophylla | 12 |
| Teasel/Gao liang jiang | Dipsacus fullonum | 11 |
| Osha | Ligusticum porter root | 11 |
| Cryptolepis (30% EE) | Cryptolepis sanguinolenta | 9 |
| Chinese Skullcap (30% EE) | Scutellaria baicalensis | 9 |
| Houttuynia | Houttuynia | 9 |
| Bidens | Bidens pilosa | 9 |
| Ban zhi lian | Scutellaria barbata | 8 |
| Black walnut (30% EE) | Juglans nigra | 8 |
| Uncaria | Uncaria tomentosa | 6 |
| Samento | Uncaria tomentosa | 0 |
| Cumanda | Campsiandra angustifolia | 0 |
| Banderol | Otoba sp. | 0 |
| Coptis | Rhizoma coptidis | 0 |
| Japanese knotweed (30% EE) | Polygonum cuspidatum | 0 |
| Reishi | Ganoderma linghzi | 0 |
| Black Walnut | Juglans nigra fruc | 0 |
The growth of infected erythrocytes at day zero was set as 0%. The growth of B. duncani in infected erythrocytes treated with 1% DMSO vehicle at day three was set as 100%. EE, ethanol extract. The bold product names indicate the effective hits studied in this study.