TABLE 1.
The clinicopathological factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples
| Risk groups | The whole cohort | Training cohort | Testing cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Training cohort n = 287 |
Testing cohort n = 196 |
p |
High risk n = 148 |
Low risk n = 149 |
p |
High risk n = 89 |
Low risk n = 107 |
p | |
| Risk score (95% CI) | 0.98 [0.67, 1.56] | 0.93 [0.59, 1.43] | 0.118 | 1.56 [1.22, 2.17] | 0.67 [0.47, 0.80] | <0.001 | 1.48 [1.20, 1.86] | 0.62 [0.45, 0.83] | <0.001 |
| Age (median [IQR]) | 61 [53, 69] | 60 [54, 67] | 0.486 | 64 [53, 73] | 60 [53, 67] | 0.019 | 61 [52, 67] | 60 [54, 69] | 0.686 |
| Sex (%) | 0.904 | 1 | 0.232 | ||||||
| Male | 217 (73.1) | 145 (74.0) | 108 (73.0) | 109 (73.2) | 70 (78.7) | 75 (70.1) | |||
| Female | 80 (26.9) | 51 (26.0) | 40 (27.0) | 40 (26.8) | 19 (21.3) | 32 (29.9) | |||
| Smoking | 0.030 | 0.065 | 0.122 | ||||||
| No | 75 (25.3) | 33 (16.8) | 30 (20.3) | 45 (30.2) | 11 (12.4) | 22 (20.6) | |||
| Yes | 214 (72.0) | 161 (82.1) | 112 (75.7) | 102 (68.5) | 78 (87.6) | 83 (77.6) | |||
| Unknown | 8 (2.7) | 2 (1.1) | 6 (4.0) | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.8) | |||
| Alcohol history | 0.525 | 0.449 | 0.365 | ||||||
| No | 97 (32.7) | 55 (28.1) | 53 (35.8) | 44 (29.5) | 27 (30.3) | 28 (26.2) | |||
| Yes | 193 (65.0) | 137 (69.9) | 91 (61.5) | 102 (68.5) | 59 (66.3) | 78 (72.9) | |||
| Unknown | 7 (2.3) | 4 (2.0) | 4 (2.7) | 3 (2.0) | 3 (3.4) | 1 (0.9) | |||
| HPV status (%) | 0.081 | 0.014 | 0.211 | ||||||
| Negative | 50 (16.8) | 21 (10.7) | 27 (18.2) | 23 (15.4) | 9 (10.1) | 12 (11.2) | |||
| Positive | 15 (5.1) | 16 (8.2) | 2 (1.4) | 13 (8.7) | 4 (4.5) | 12 (11.2) | |||
| Unknown | 232 (78.1) | 159 (81.1) | 119 (80.4) | 113 (75.8) | 76 (85.4) | 83 (77.6) | |||
| Grade (%) | 0.136 | 0.056 | 0.048 | ||||||
| I | 40 (13.5) | 21 (10.7) | 21 (14.2) | 19 (12.8) | 5 (5.6) | 16 (15.0) | |||
| II | 168 (56.5) | 126 (64.3) | 93 (62.8) | 75 (50.3) | 66 (74.2) | 60 (56.1) | |||
| III | 78 (26.3) | 39 (19.9) | 31 (20.9) | 47 (31.5) | 14 (15.7) | 25 (23.3) | |||
| IV | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | |||
| Unknown | 11 (3.7) | 8 (4.1) | 3 (2.1) | 8 (5.4) | 4 (4.5) | 4 (3.7) | |||
| TNM stage (%) | 0.301 | 0.596 | 0.038 | ||||||
| I | 18 (6.1) | 7 (3.6) | 6 (4.1) | 12 (8.0) | 5 (5.6) | 2 (1.9) | |||
| II | 44 (14.8) | 25 (12.8) | 22 (14.9) | 22 (14.8) | 11 (12.4) | 14 (13.1) | |||
| III | 46 (15.5) | 32 (16.3) | 24 (16.2) | 22 (14.8) | 13 (14.6) | 19 (17.8) | |||
| IV | 143 (48.1) | 110 (56.1) | 75 (50.7) | 68 (45.6) | 56 (62.9) | 54 (50.4) | |||
| Unknown | 46 (15.5) | 22 (11.2) | 21 (4.1) | 25 (16.8) | 4 (4.5) | 18 (16.8) | |||
| Survival status (%) | 0.826 | <0.001 | 0.092 | ||||||
| Dead | 130 (43.8) | 83 (42.3) | 85 (57.4) | 45 (30.2) | 44 (49.4) | 39 (36.4) | |||
| Alive | 167 (56.2) | 113 (57.7) | 63 (42.6) | 104 (69.8) | 45 (50.6) | 68 (63.6) | |||
| Survival time (95% CI) | 1.73 [1.03, 3.14] | 1.78 [1.08, 3.25] | 0.687 | 1.48 [0.76, 2.53] | 2.18 [1.16, 4.17] | <0.001 | 1.64 [1.10, 2.96] | 1.92 [1.07, 3.77] | 0.175 |