Table 5.
Kruskal-Wallis Tests Comparing Predictors by City.
| Median (Q1, Q3) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greater Accra (n = 136) | Kumasi (n = 33) | Takoradi (n = 38) | Koforidua (n = 17) | χ2 (p-value) | |
| Enacted HIV Stigma | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.10) | 1.757 (0.624) |
| Vicarious HIV Stigma | 0.40 (0.00, 0.95) | 0.30 (0.00, 0.50) | 0.45 (0.10, 1.00) | 0.10 (0.00, 0.50) | 9.738 (0.021*) |
| Felt Normative HIV Stigma | 2.00 (1.45, 2.73) | 1.27 (0.55, 1.82) | 1.77 (1.00, 2.73) | 2.09 (0.82, 2.36) | 14.933 (0.002*) |
| Internalized HIV Stigma | 0.45 (0.18, 1.00) | 0.55 (0.27, 0.91) | 0.45 (0.09, 1.00) | 0.55 (0.09, 0.82) | 0.420 (0.936) |
| Gender Nonconformity Stigma | 0.77 (0.42, 1.19) | 0.31 (0.08, 0.85) | 0.54 (0.23, 0.92) | 0.69 (0.46, 0.92) | 10.594 (0.014*) |
| Same-Sex Behavior Stigma | 0.90 (0.40, 1.30) | 0.90 (0.50, 1.30) | 0.80 (0.40, 1.30) | 0.70 (0.60, 1.00) | 1.452 (0.693) |
| Healthcare Climate | 5.53 (4.20, 6.00) | 5.27 (3.00, 5.93) | 5.30 (4.40, 5.87) | 5.60 (3.00, 5.80) | 1.474 (0.688) |
| Age | 25 (23, 29) | 25 (22, 31) | 26 (23, 28) | 24 (23, 27) | 1.123 (0.772) |
| Income^ | 300 (200, 500) | 300 (200, 550) | 400 (255, 600) | 300 (100, 450) | 2.655 (0.448) |
*p < 0.05.
^Ghanaian cedi (GHS).