TABLE 2.
Adjusted Coefficients Across Time Points for Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures Across Follow‐Up: Results From Multilevel Regression Models
| Outcome | Option Grid (vs Usual Care) | Picture Option Grid (vs Usual Care) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted Coefficient (95% CI) a | Main Effect P | Subgroup Effects | Coefficient (95% CI) | Main Effect P | Subgroup Effects | |
| Decision quality | ||||||
| Value concordance (T2, T3) | 0.04 (–0.77 to 0.83) | .15 | –0.36 (–0.86 to 0.12) | .24 | ||
| Knowledge (T0, T2, T3) | 0.23 (–0.12 to 0.58) | .20 | 0.27 (0.01 to 0.53) | .04 | Higher for lower SES b | |
| Decision process (T2, T3) c | 1.18 (0.23 to 2.13) | .01 | 0.82 (0.01 to 1.62) | .05 | ||
| Shared decision making | ||||||
| Patient‐reported (T2) | 0.15 (–0.04 to 0.34) | .12 | 0.17 (0.03 to 0.32) | .01 | ||
| Observed (T1) | 28.9 (8.0 to 49.9) | .01 | 24.7 (5.9 to 43.5) | .01 | ||
| Decision regret (T3, T4, T5) c | –6.5 (–34.5 to 21.5) | .65 | Higher with lower education b | –19.2 (–39.5 to 1.2) | .07 | |
| Quality of life (T0, T4) | 0.003 (–0.04 to 0.05) | .89 | 0.017 (–0.01 to 0.05) | .25 | Higher for lower health literacy b | |
| Anxiety (T0, T2, T3, T4) | –0.53 (–1.77 to 0.72) | .41 | 0.14 (–0.62 to 0.91) | .72 | ||
| Integration of health care delivery (T0, T4) | 0.66 (0.04 to 1.28) | .04 | 0.32 (–0.07 to 0.71) | .11 | ||
Abbreviations: SES, socioeconomic status; T0, presurgical visit (baseline); T1, during the surgical visit; T2, immediately after the surgical visit; T3, approximately 1 week after surgery; T4, approximately 12 weeks after surgery; T5, 1 year after surgery.
Adjusted for site, insurance, socioeconomic status, race, health literacy, and start date.
The subgroup effect was significant, even in the absence of significance in the adjusted coefficient.
Decision process scores were significant for the Picture Option Grid arm only at T2, and decision regret scores were significant for the Picture Option Grid arm only at T3.