TABLE 1.
Participant demographics, cognitive test results (Z‐scored), and clinical characteristics at different time points. Cognitively stable and declining groups were compared by chi‐square for sex and APOE genotype, and by student's t tests for age and cognitive tests results
| WRAP enrollment visit–first cognitive assessment | Visit of baseline sample for nEV biomarkers | Visit of last cognitive assessment | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Stable | Declining | P | All | Stable | Declining | P | All | Stable | Declining | P | |
| N | 146 | 73 | 73 | N/A | 146 | 73 | 73 | N/A | 146 | 73 | 73 | N/A |
| Age (SD) in years | 58.2 (6.1) | 57.5 (5.7) | 62.9 (6.6) | .30 | 62.4 (6.3) | 61.9 (5.9) | 62.9 (6.6) | .30 | 66.3 (6.3) | 65.6 (5.9) | 67 (6.8) | .21 |
| Female [n (%)] | 104 (71.2%) | 58 (79.5%) | 46 (63%) | .044 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| APOE‐εX/ε4 [n (%)] | 62 (42.5%) | 32 (43.8%) | 30 (41.1%) | .87 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MMSE (SD) | 29.5 (0.8) | 29.6 (0.7) | 29.4 (1) | .22 | 29.6 (0.8) | 29.7 (0.5) | 29.5 (0.9) | .23 | 29.5 (0.8) | 29.7 (0.6) | 29.4 (1) | .06 |
| WMS logical memory I (SD) | 16.0 (3.0) | 15.8 (2.7) | 16.2 (3.2) | .37 | 14.8 (3.6) | 16.2 (3.2) | 13.3 (3.5) | <.001 | 15 (3,4) | 16.1 (2.7) | 13.9 (3.7) | <.001 |
| WMS logical memory II (SD) | 14.2 (3.3) | 14.2 (3.0) | 14.3 (3.6) | .61 | 13.0 (4.3) | 14.7 (3.7) | 11.4 (4.2) | <.001 | 13.4 (4.2) | 14.8 (3.2) | 12.1 (4.7) | <.001 |
| RAVLT (T1‐T5) (SD) | 52.1 (7.6) | 53.9 (7.5) | 50.3 (67.3 | .021 | 51.5 (7.4) | 54.8 (6.3) | 48.3 (6.9) | <.001 | 52 (8.5) | 55.2 (7.1) | 48.7 (8.6) | <.001 |
| RAVLT (T7) (SD) | 10.6 (2.8) | 11 (2.8) | 10.3 (2.7) | .33 | 10.6 (2.8) | 11.8 (2) | 9.5 (2.9) | <.001 | 10.8 (3.2) | 11.9 (2.4) | 9.6 (3.4) | .022 |
| Clinical diagnosis | 146 cognitively Normal | 73 cognitively Normal | 73 cognitively Normal | 73 cognitively Normal | 73 cognitively Normal | .13 | 73 cognitively Normal |
71 cognitively normal 2 MCI |
.02 | |||
Note: Cognitively stable and declining groups were compared by chi‐square for sex and APOE genotype, and by student's t tests for age and cognitive tests results.
Abbreviations: APOE, apolipoprotein E; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; nEV, neuronal extracellular vesicle; RAVLT, Rey auditory verbal learning test; SD, standard deviation; WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale; WRAP, Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention.