Table 2.
Association of Changes in Different Outcomes With Changes in Physical Function Tests
| Change of Unloaded Stair Climb Power | Change of Loaded Stair Climb Power | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOM | TEAAM | TOM | TEAAM | |||||||||||||
| N | Estimate (95% CI) | p value | R2 | N | Estimate (95% CI) | p value | R2 | N | Estimate (95% CI) | p value | R2 | N | Estimate (95% CI) | p value | R2 | |
| Change of total testosterone (ng/dL) | 48 | 0.04 (0.01 to 0.08) | .012 | 0.136 | 96 | 0.005 (−0.03 to 0.04) | .73 | 0.004 | 44 | 0.14 (0.07 to 0.20) | <.001 | 0.287 | 88 | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.06) | .46 | 0.009 |
| Change of leg press strength (N) | 48 | 0.09 (0.03 to 0.15) | .003 | 0.175 | 108 | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.13) | .010 | 0.070 | 42 | 0.05 (−0.09 to 0.18) | .48 | 0.017 | 97 | 0.10 (0.02 to 0.18) | .015 | 0.066 |
| Change of leg press peak power (W) | 45 | 0.09 (−0.01 to 0.18) | .08 | 0.067 | 103 | 0.07 (0.002 to 0.14) | .043 | 0.047 | 40 | 0.23 (0.03 to 0.44) | .028 | 0.129 | 92 | 0.11 (0.02 to 0.21) | .023 | 0.056 |
| Change of unloaded gait speed (m/s) | 39 | 57.4 (−54.0 to 168.8) | .30 | 0.022 | 36 | −54.7 (−169.9 to 60.6) | .34 | 0.033 | 35 | 91.6 (−53.1 to 236.3) | .21 | 0.045 | 35 | 1.1 (−128.8 to 131.0) | .99 | <0.001 |
| Change of loaded gait speed (m/s) | 44 | 88.6 (3.3 to 174.0) | .04 | 0.062 | 33 | 55.8 (−61.7 to 173.3) | .34 | 0.029 | 41 | 146.2 (30.1 to 262.3) | .02 | 0.100 | 33 | 100.7 (−24.3 to 225.6) | .11 | 0.077 |
| Change of Unloaded Gait Speed | Change of Loaded Gait Speed | |||||||||||||||
| Change of total testosterone (ng/dL) | 37 | 0.000002 (−0.0001 to 0.0001) | .97 | 0.0003 | 32 | −0.00003 (−0.0003 to 0.0002) | .81 | 0.002 | 42 | 0.00006 (−0.0001 to 0.0002) | .35 | 0.002 | 26 | −0.00002 (−0.0003 to 0.0003) | .91 | 0.0005 |
| Change of leg press strength (N) | 37 | 0.0001 (−0.0001 to 0.0003) | .49 | 0.040 | 37 | 0.0001 (−0.0003 to 0.0005) | .76 | 0.002 | 41 | 0.0002 (−0.0001 to 0.0004) | .13 | 0.096 | 34 | 0.0004 (−0.00005 to 0.0008) | .08 | 0.078 |
| Change of leg press peak power (W) | 34 | 0.0006 (0.0003 to 0.001) | .001 | 0.351 | 35 | 0.0001 (−0.0003 to 0.001) | .68 | 0.004 | 39 | 0.0003 (0.00002 to 0.0006) | .035 | 0.153 | 32 | 0.0003 (−0.0001 to 0.001) | .10 | 0.092 |
Notes: Data displayed are mean estimated changes from baseline and their 95% CI for muscle performance tests at the end of the intervention period (controlling for age at baseline) in each study. p values and R2 for each association with changes in physical function tests are given. CI = confidence interval; TEAAM = Testosterone’s Effects on Atherosclerosis Progression in Aging Men; TOM = Testosterone in Older Men with Mobility Limitation.