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. 2020 Jul 28;36(2):482–489. doi: 10.1111/jgh.15190

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© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology published by Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Misdiagnosed endoscopic images shown by the CNN. (a–c) False negatives: lesions appear as intestinal metaplasia or gastritis. (a) Differentiated‐type cancer (0‐IIc, tub1, after Hp eradication): regular MVP + regular MSP with a DL. (b) Differentiated‐type cancer (0‐IIc, tub2, after Hp eradication): regular MVP + regular MSP with a DL. (c) Differentiated‐type cancer (0‐IIa, tub1, after Hp eradication): regular MVP + regular MSP with a DL. (d) False negative: bleeding. (e) False negative: low‐power view and out of focus. 0‐IIc, flatly depressed; CNN, convolution neural network; DL, demarcation line; Hp, Helicobacter pylori; MSP, microsurface pattern; MVP, microvascular pattern; tub1, well differentiated adenocarcinoma; tub2, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.