Table 1. Population Characteristics.
| Overall (N = 2139) | Children (N = 630) | Adults (N = 748) | Elderly (N = 761) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic Variablesa | ||||
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 35.0(18.0–60.0) | 14.0(10.0–17.0) | 30.0(25.0–40.0) | 62.0(60.0–66.0) |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||
| Female | 1063(49.7) | 256(40.6) | 409(54.7) | 498(52.3) |
| Male | 1095(50.4) | 381(59.6) | 347(45.5) | 367(47.6) |
| Home location, No. (%) | ||||
| Urban | 1628(76.1) | 507(80.5) | 586(78.3) | 535(70.3) |
| Rural/Suburban | 511(23.9) | 123(19.5) | 162(21.7) | 226(29.7) |
| Years of education,b median (IQR) | 3.0(0.0–7.0) | 5.0(2.0–7.0) | 5.0(2.0–9.0) | 0.0(0.0–4.0) |
| Monthly household income (USD), median (IQR) | 168.0 (120.0–240.0) | 144.0 (120.0–204.0) | 168.0 (120.0–240.0) | 180.0 (120.0–240.0) |
| People living in household, median (IQR) | 5.0(4.0–6.0) | 5.0(4.0–6.0) | 4.0(3.0–6.0) | 5.0(4.0–6.0) |
| Clinical Variables | ||||
| Nutritional status (MUAC), No. (%) | ||||
| Severe wasting | 31(1.4) | 20(3.2) | 3(0.4) | 8(1.1) |
| Moderate wasting | 164(7.7) | 96(15.2) | 21(2.8) | 47(6.2) |
| No wasting | 1944(90.9) | 514(81.6) | 724(96.8) | 706(92.8) |
| Enteric Pathogen, No. (%)c | ||||
| E. coli | 834(39.0) | 249(39.5) | 289(38.6) | 296(38.9) |
| ETEC | 212(9.9) | 52(8.3) | 80(10.7) | 80(10.5) |
| EPEC | 5(0.2) | 1(0.2) | 2(0.3) | 2(0.3) |
| EHEC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EIEC | 36(1.7) | 19(3.0) | 6(0.8) | 11(1.4) |
| EAEC | 609(28.5) | 188(29.8) | 209(27.9) | 212(27.9) |
| Vibrio cholera | 632(29.5) | 260(41.2) | 187(25.0) | 185(24.3) |
| Aeromonas | 396(18.5) | 98(15.6) | 160(21.4) | 138(18.1) |
| Campylobacter | 219(10.2) | 121(19.2) | 62(8.3) | 36(4.7) |
| Salmonella | 59(2.8) | 8(1.3) | 26(3.5) | 25(3.3) |
| Shigella | 42(2.0) | 20(3.2) | 7(0.9) | 15(2.0) |
| Other Bacteriad | 14(0.7) | 3(0.5) | 7(0.9) | 4(0.5) |
| No Bacteria Detected | 620(29.0) | 145(23.0) | 224(29.9) | 251(33.0) |
| Outcome | ||||
| Dehydration category, No. (%)e | ||||
| Severe dehydration | 277(12.9) | 100(15.9) | 91(12.2) | 86(11.3) |
| Some dehydration | 1431(66.9) | 432(68.6) | 502(67.1) | 497(65.3) |
| No dehydration | 431(20.1) | 98(15.6) | 155(20.7) | 178(23.4) |
a Categorical variables were summarized as percent (n), continuous variables summarized as mean (standard deviation) or median (25th, 75th percentile) if not normally distributed
b For patients under 16 years old, years of mother’s education was used
c As detected by PCR (E. coli only) or stool culture (all other bacteria). 37 patients were missing stool samples for culture/PCR. Numbers do not sum to 100% as some patients had more than 1 pathogen detected on stool culture/PCR.
d Other bacteria includes the following species: Plesiomonas shigelloides, Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Vagococcus fluvialis
e 26 patients were missing data on dehydration category