Table 4.
Number (%) of Policies by Regulation Approach in Government Obesity Strategies in England, 1992 to 2020
| Year | Government strategy | Capacity Building With Escalation | Capacity Building Without Escalation | Restoration With Escalation | Restoration Without Escalation | Deterrence With Escalation | Deterrence Without Escalation | Incapacitation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | Health of the Nation | 0 | 22 (51) | 0 | 20 (47) | 0 | 1 (2) | 0 |
| 1999 | Saving Lives—Our Healthier Nation | 0 | 6 (32) | 0 | 13 (68) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Reducing Health Inequalities: an action report | 0 | 11 (48) | 1 (4) | 11 (48) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 2004 | Choosing Health | 4 (4) | 47 (43) | 3 (3) | 47 (43) | 3 (3) | 5 (5) | 0 |
| 2005 | Choosing a Better Diet | 21 (24) | 37 (43) | 3 (3) | 22 (26) | 1 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 |
| 2005 | Choosing Activity | 5 (4) | 70 (59) | 1 (1) | 38 (32) | 1 (1) | 3 (3) | 0 |
| 2008 | Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives | 2 (3) | 35 (49) | 3 (4) | 31 (43) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 |
| Food Matters | 1 (11) | 4 (44) | 0 | 4 (44) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 2010 | Healthy Lives, Healthy People | 2 (5) | 14 (38) | 1 (3) | 20 (54) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | A call to action on obesity in England | 4 (6) | 29 (42) | 0 | 32 (46) | 0 | 4 (6) | 0 |
| 2016 | Childhood Obesity: a plan for action | 2 (7) | 14 (47) | 1 (3) | 10 (33) | 0 | 3 (10) | 0 |
| 2018 | Childhood Obesity: a plan for action, Chapter 2 | 4 (12) | 11 (33) | 2 (6) | 7 (21) | 0 | 9 (27) | 0 |
| 2019 | Childhood Obesity: a plan for action, Chapter 3 | 5 (21) | 8 (33) | 1 (4) | 9 (38) | 1 (4%) | 0 | 0 |
| 2020 | Tackling Obesity: government strategy | 3 (18) | 3 (18) | 2 (12) | 5 (29) | 1 (6%) | 3 (18) | 0 |
| Total | 53 (8) | 311 (45) | 18 (3) | 269 (39) | 7 (1%) | 31 (4) | 0 | |